Sports car FERRARI 612 SCAGLIETTI release in 2004. The vehicles created by Ferrari, have always existed outside of time. Even today, from the XXI century, cars with a rearing black stallion on the false radiator grille, released in the middle of the last century, look as stylish and modern as in the years of their creation. Yes, and by design, they are not far behind modern sports cars.
Famous avtokonstruktor Enzo Ferrari started his career in automotive engineering in 1918 on the little-known firm CMN, working there on a modest position of obkatka. However, after a couple years of 22-year-old Enzo became the fourth pilot in the team АІfа Romeo. Fortunately, the career of a racing driver was not for him, but close contact with sports cars has awakened the Enzo innate abilities of intuitive autoconstructor — because no special (as well as a standing General education).
In 1929, Ferrari is not without the help of two wealthy businessmen of the city of Modena has set up his own racing team (“stable” — in modern terminology) of Scuderia Ferrari in the Alfa Romeo firm. And after three years on sports cars of Scuderia for the first time appeared the image of a dancing black horse, which later became the brand of the automotive company Ferrari.
I wonder the origin of this emblem. At first she decorated the fuselage of the plane of the famous Italian fighter ACE. The first world war, Francesco Baracca. Permission to use the image of the black stallion was granted to Enzo Ferrari the mother of the deceased pilot, Countess Paolini.
From Alfa Romeo, Ferrari left in 1938, and after a couple of years out of the gate the new company called Auto Avio Construzioni, got his first sports car, the TIPO 815 with a 1.5-liter 72-horsepower engine.
The outbreak of the Second world war forced Enzo Ferrari to evacuate its plant in the town of Maranello, 20 kilometres from Modena. However, this did not save the firm from the bombing of the factory of the Anglo-American aviation. After the war, in 1946, the plant was rebuilt and started production of sports cars. It 1946 is the official date of the beginning activities of the automotive company Ferrari.
The first car restored of the company was 125GT FERRARI is a sports car with a 1.5-litre V-shaped 12-cylinder engine capacity of 72 HP and was followed by the model 125 with the same engine, won the “Grand prize of Rome”, and then the world famous race “Mille Miglia” and the “Tour of Sicily”. Interestingly, the firm released the road version of this sports car specifically for the speakers in the race of Prince Igor troubetzkoy.
FERRARI 125S 1947 the issue — the first road car from Ferrari, personally made for Prince Igor troubetzkoy
FERRARI BARCHETTA of 1948 — sports car with road body work Bianchi Anderloni
FERRARI 250 GT EUROPA PININFAR1NA first, not having a racing prototype road car Enzo Ferrari with a body of work of Battista Farina (1953)
FERRARI 410S edition 1955 — the fastest sports cars of the mid 1950-ies
FERRARI 410 SUPERAMERICA machine, designed mainly for the American market (1956)
FERRARI 250 GT CALIFORNIA SPYDER 1959 release — the car Enzo Ferrari deemed the most beautiful convertible in the world
FERRARI 250GTO of the sample in 1962 is now the most expensive collectible car in the world — its cost dostigaev $ 3 million!
The successful experience of transformation of a sports car in the road was soon repeated in a small series of the 127 cars FERRARI BARCHETTA with the same V12 engine depending on the design he developed the power 89, 108, 140 or even 155 HP Cars were made to order, and “clothing” for them produced in a specialized design Studio Carozzeria Touring, the owner of which was the famous designer Bianchi Anderloni. Compact double sports car with a tiny windshield of 1948 and today it looks quite modern — no wonder at the beginning of this narrative it was mentioned that the car always been like it is out of time.
It should be noted that in the first years of its existence, Ferrari has focused on the specialized racing cars, achieving in this field of considerable successes. On machines Enzo Ferrari racers have repeatedly won world Championships and won first place in the most prestigious competitions. Solid credibility won by the firm, and also the first quite successful experiments on the creation of a “civilian” versions of sports cars prompted Ferrari to create a car for General sale.
The first real road car, not having a racing prototype was the FERRARI 250 GT EUROPA PININFARINA edition, 1953. This car began a collaboration of Ferrari and head coach Batista Farina’s received for his small stature nicknamed Pinin (Baby). By the way, the nickname is so firmly merged with the name of the great Maestro, that in the future he even had to change my name and, accordingly, the name of the founded company at Pininfarina.
As for the model 250 GT, equipped with 12-cylinder V-shaped engine capacity of 220 HP, it is considered to be the fastest car of its time — its maximum speed was 205 km/h and 100 km/h it accelerates in just 6 seconds. According to historians of the car industry, with models 250GT enthusiastic people with high income cars Enzo Ferrari. The possession of a super-expensive supercar, made-to-order, became a sign of wealth and a certain status in society. It is also worth mentioning that among the customers of the Ferrari cars, there were many major political figures.
The next machine also won the title of the fastest coupe of the mid-1950s, became the FERRARI 410S edition of 1955, built in four copies for the race in Buenos Aires at a distance of 1000 km. the Car is equipped with V-shaped 12-cylinder engine capacity of 380 HP and 4-speed gearbox, on one of the sections of the route have reached a speed of 303,5 km/h!
Century racing car short-lived, however, Ferrari retired from sports car gets a second life — they altered in a “civilized” road coupe Buyers appreciated these machines for their glorious sporting past. It is, perhaps, to once again draw the attention of readers to the timeless design of this car, quite suitable for our age.
A total of 37 instances, and was not among them couple exactly the same cars; this was the series of cars of FERRARI 410 SUPERAMERICA, designed exclusively for the American market. Machine equipped with 5-liter V-shaped engine capacity of 350 HP, speeding up to 256 km/h, and “hundreds” she was only in 5.8 S.
Among the cars built by Ferrari should be emphasized sports car series 250 GT on the basis of which further there have been many great sports and road cars One of the most beautiful road-going versions of the famous racing car became a convertible FERRARI 250 GT CALIFORNIA SPYDER 1959 release. Compared to a sports convertible prototype had increased rut and database, which significantly improved the comfort and handling Twelve-engine with a V-shaped arrangement of cylinders with a capacity of 280 PS dispersed convertible to 250 km/h.
Well, sports cars FERRARI 250GTO of the sample in 1962 became the champion in our time — the auction value of this car today is 3 million. dollars! In total we collected 39 of these cars is pure racing 11 and 28 road. Sports car incorporates the most advanced technical decisions of that time — engineer Bizzarini equipped it with a fully independent suspension and disc brakes on all wheels, and body master Scaglietti designed the elegant exterior is carefully designed from the point of view of aerodynamics. The machine was equipped with 12-cylinder V-shaped engine power 297 HP, accelerates the car to 100 km/h in 5.6 sec; maximum speed sport coupe is 250 km/h.
It is interesting that until 1964 almost all cars by Ferrari as racing and road — was a double sports cars, produced a series of at best to a few dozen copies. However, the time ultra-expensive small car came to an end, it became only Competitive mass production with large volumes of sales, aimed at the mass market and had Enzo Ferrari to obey the harsh economic laws.
The first large car company was released in the 1964 series in 1057 instances of the FERRARI 330GT 2+2 It was quite comfortable and practical sedan with a fairly large trunk equipped with a 300-horsepower 12-cylinder /a-line engine. Luxury car interior was trimmed in leather and wood. Despite the very high price of the car sold out faster than produced.
FERRAR1 330GT 2+2 — first car produced truly unprecedented for Ferrari series 1057 (!) copies
FERRARI 356GTB/4 DAYTONA edition 1965 sport coupe “massive” release in 807 copies
Coupe FERRARI 356GTB/4 DAYTONA convertible FERRARI 365GTS/4 DAYTONA — the first cars with retractable headlights. They were considered the fastest production cars in the world (1970)
Serial FERRARI 288GTO 1984 release here for the first time surpassed the threshold speed of 300 km/h
FERRARI 456GT release 1992 is a favorite vehicle of members of the Royal families of Europe
FERRARI 612 SCAGL1ETTI release in 2004 — the embodiment of pure vehicle concept Gran Turismo, a comfortable luxury car for big journeys
In 1969, Enzo Ferrari became part of FIAT power is relatively small, almost a single production does not allow the Ferrari to organize the production of high performance vehicles in any significant quantities. While Ferrari retained the right to manage their firm throughout his life.
In the early 1970-ies the most prestigious road cars from Ferrari was the similar design as the coupe FERRARI 356GTB/4 DAYTONA convertible FERRARI 365GTS/4 DAYTONA almost the first time in the world fitted with retractable headlights. Machine is equipped with a 4.4-liter engine V12 with a capacity of 348 HP, a top speed of 274.8 a km/h and was considered the most high-speed serial cars in the world. (For reference, in the back this sports car-LAMBORGHINI MIURA breathed with a maximum speed of 273 km/h). In all there were 124 convertible and coupe 1395.
FERRARI 308GTB/GTS release in 1975, lasted in a series until 1989, became the most massive in the history of the company Ferrari (21 678 copies!). Machine, a body which was designed by Batista Pininfarina, produced in the version of the coupe (GTB) or open version with a removable roof (GTS).
Eight-cylinder V-shaped engine capacity of 255 HP was located behind the two-seat cabin. Speed capabilities of this car were slightly lower than those that have become familiar to sports car, but it’s not pushed by her customers.
FERRARI 288GTO of the class of 1984 was the first production car, the maximum speed which exceeded the barrier of 300 km/h — its official value was 303 km/h. Record was the supercar acceleration to 100 km/h it accelerates in just 4,8 ° C. Such characteristics of the car was achieved by a series of revolutionary technical solutions proposed 85-year-old Enzo Ferrari — using a 400-strong V-figurative 8-cylinder engine, twin turbocharged, electronic fuel injection, and heavy-duty Kevlar for forming a light and stiff body. Supercar, which became legendary already during the production process, was issued in the amount of 272 copies.
FERRARI 456GT release 1992 came to light after the death of the great designer, followed in 1988, when Enzo Ferrari was 90 years. Supercar was appreciated by representatives of many of Europe’s Royal families — the car differed not only speed, but comfort, and could compete with the most expensive limousines in the business class. The car was equipped with power steering with variable rigidity, traction control system with electronic antilock and the option of a FERRARI 456GT could be equipped with an automatic transaxle. The maximum speed of the supercar 12-cylinder V-NYM motor power of 442 HP is 302 km/h and 100 km/h it accelerates in 5.2 s.
Well, now we will talk about the main character of our story, which became a direct successor to the 456-th, — FERRARI 612 SCAGLIETTI release in 2004. In fairness it should be noted that the new car was even less athletic than predecessor, he has become more comfortable, more luxurious and more secure. The base 612 has increased, in comparison with the predecessor, 350 mm, thereby creating favorable conditions for rear-seat passengers. The enlarged base has a positive effect on driving performance cars — increasing its stability on the straights. This is facilitated by the use in the transmission of the limited-slip differential.
Geometric diagram of the FERRARI 612 SCAGLIETTI
Front suspension
Layout scheme FERRARI 612 SC AGLIETTI
The front of the cabin
To a large extent to improve the stability and controllability of the machine facilitates aerodynamically perfect body shape, which practically has no effect on the weight distribution depending on the speed of the supercar. When designing the body he was with predilection studied in a private wind tunnel company in Maranello. The results of the blowdown impressive: the lifting force does not occur under any operating conditions and at a speed of 300 km/h appears pressing the aerodynamic force of 115 kgs. According to designers, such parameters are obtained largely due to the fact that part of the hot underhood air with a relatively low speed, not manufactured under the bottom of the car, and headed to the back parts of it on a special channel. Coefficient drag CX = 0,335.
The body, whose design was developed by Pininfarina, was going in the Studio Stabilimenti Scaglietti. By the way, Sergio Scaglietti, excellent bodywork master and long time — since 1937! — partner Enzo Ferrari, and today is alive and well and very pleased that in the name of a new car company his name is adjacent to the name of his old friend. Body, this main hub of the car, the traditional Ferrari: he’s a carrier, of aluminum alloys. As is known, the density of aluminum is three times less than steel, however the modulus of elasticity from “winged” metal, and its strength is lower. All of this makes the engineers to increase the size of aluminum parts for their hardness, comparable with the corresponding parameter of steel parts. In the end weight aluminum body is only 60 percent of the mass of the same steel.
Space frame body with 38 percent consists of extruded aluminium profiles, 28 of sheet aluminum, and 34 percent of cast aluminum parts installed in areas of maximum loads.
The body Assembly in the workshop Stabilimenti Scaglietti is carried out by the Tinkers of the highest qualification. A consultant firm Ferrari is the us company Alcoa — one of the world leaders in the production of products from aluminum alloys. Physical properties of aluminium is its flexibility, strength, and flexibility — require a continuous monitoring of the geometry of the body in the process of its Assembly, and for this purpose, the processing chain has ten intermediate positions of the control and measuring device Dea Bravo 4300, which determines the coordinates of 450 points on the body and compares them with those that laid in his memory.
Under the hood lurks a modified 12-cylinder engine with a V-shaped arrangement of cylinders, develops power of 540 HP at 7250 rpm, and maximum torque of 60 kg/cm, is achieved at 5250 rpm engine Location — prednisoneandemotionoi (it is shifted behind the front axle), unlike the mid-engined inherent in the pure sports car company. The management of “GAZ” — e, providing a smooth and comfortable response to changes in fuel supply.
Box changes gear (transmission) six-speed, purely mechanical or mechanical with electro-hydraulic drive mechanism of the gear selection and clutch control. In the latter case, the choice of transmission is either automatically or manually, with paddles. Located behind the checkpoint and is structurally integrated with the main transmission. Differential — limited slip: by 25 percent with a sharp acceleration and 45 percent when the discharge gas.
Front suspension — double-wishbone, with modern adaptive shock absorbers to reduce roll, peck and lift the nose of the car under braking, acceleration and shifting.
The brakes of a supercar — especially powerful, with ventilated perforated discs of large diameter on all wheels that provides precise braking at all operating speeds. Tire wheel front and rear axle varies: 245/45 R18 front and 285/40 R19 at the rear.
A lot of attention was paid to designers of the company security vehicle. The FERRARI 612 is equipped with only two airbags, but the manufacturers claim that ultra-fast sports car in a frontal collision provides a very high level of passive safety even without cushions.
A road car equipped with quite decent in terms of capacity, the trunk, its capacity is 240 l are located Under the raised floor compartment for spare tire-dokatki and leather tool bag.
According to those who had the opportunity to ride a new FERRARI, the car is easy, controllable, and flying it doesn’t cause any fatigue over many hours. No wonder the creation of this sports car symbolized a return to the real cars of GT (Gran Turismo) produced in far 1960-e years. For the record: to go on this car “Big journey” will have to pay no less than 218 thousand euros.
Technical characteristics of the car FERRARI 612 SCAGLIETTI
Length mm…………………………………..4902
Width, mm……………………………….1957
Height, mm………………………………..1344
Wheelbase, mm……………………..2950
The front track of wheels, mm …………1688
Rear track, mm………………1641
Body type…………………………………coupe
The number of seats…………………………………….4
Trunk volume, l……………………240
Curb weight, kg………………1840
Engine type ……………….petrol
Number of cylinders ………………………….12
Working volume, cm3…………………..5748
Compression………………………….11,2
Maximum power, HP………540
Maximum speed, km/h………320
Fuel consumption
(mixed cycle) l/100 km……….29
Fuel tank capacity l………………….108
I. EVSTRATOV
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