MOBILE CATAMARAN | MODEL CONSTRUCTION

Lovers of water tourism, living far from large bodies of water: rivers, lakes and seas to sail, we have to get to the “big water” and the craft. And for this it is already in design must be mobile: a folding or versed.

Before me stood a difficult task — to build a spacious, reliable, stable, seaworthy craft, even a small mass that can be transported in a compartment of a railroad car and public transport. Although Moscow is a port of five seas, to reach any of them even by car is not easy. In addition, the vehicle is forced to plan a camping trip along a closed route (it must return), which is not always desirable.

So came to the conclusion that you need to build a collapsible catamaran with inflatable water floats. The idea, in General, is not new (he previously built more than one), but a creative approach to every design is very original.

Since the story of the catamaran with inflatable floats and rigging type “Bermuda sloop”, I note that I designed and built it with the expectation of using modern but accessible and relatively inexpensive materials based on both my experience and the experience of others.

The catamaran is constantly upgraded. Disadvantages manifested in water hikes (sometimes their length was several hundred kilometers), was eliminated in the offseason. However, the design was improved and dobrodoslice without radical alterations, as basically the ship was designed and built correctly.

The catamaran is equipped with almost all types of propulsion used on the water: sail, outboard motor and a paddle. Basic, of course, is the sail. Outboard motor used only in a dead calm or a head wind, and the paddle is in shallow water, as a pole or as a paddle for maneuvering in tight spaces.

Floats of a catamaran (and there are, of course, two) is an inflatable, two-chamber with a longitudinal wall and further covering the bottom. They are made (cut and paste) from the material “Ferrari” with a thickness of only 0.5 millimeters and a density of 650 g/m², width per roll is 2700 mm — synthetic (PVC) vozduhonagrevatelej film with fabric. The material is quite durable, and the front face is very smooth.

Each float is glued with glue “, Armono” of three separately cut canvases, and patterns are almost identical (except the seam).

Two paintings are wrappers of the float, and the third partition forming in normal (inflated) condition two cameras.

Called normal state when both of the float chamber are inflated and its envelope (upper and lower) do not leak air. When this partition is in the “indifferent” state. If one of the shells will be accidentally damaged through a puncture of the camera will air partition under the pressure of the air from the other chamber will take a position damaged, after paging survivors.

There is also a fourth canvas. It is used as covering bottom front of the float to the midsection. The floats are shaped like spindles — with sleek lines and a circular cross-section throughout its length that provides a low flow resistance. About two-thirds of the length from the nose (a bit going over the mast) is midship and centre-magnitude and point of application of Archimedes force. One important point: the upper float chamber is shorter than the lower 200 mm. And in this place the “tail” partition is attached only to the upper shell. Here her stick extra pads air valves, one before the partition, the other after.

Each float has three valves. Two aft (of which already mentioned) are used for inflating air in the preparation of the catamaran for swimming, and for venting of the chambers during the rolling of the buoy in the coil. The third valve, located at the top of the float near its midsection, used for paging from the top deck of the camera if damaged lower directly on the water and on the go. Thus not only the boat, but also damaged the float stays afloat.

A little about the production process (pattern and gluing) of the paintings in the floats.

Collapsible inflatable catamaran:

1 — float (2); 2 — bow-guy mast (2 PCs); 3 — staysail; 4 — mast; 5 — grotto; 6 — LVL grotto (8 PCs); 7 — Lata stokeses (2); 8 — guy mast (4 PCs); 9 — geek grotto; 10 — steering device; 11 — the centerboard; 12 — power set of the catamaran; 13 — the bow bulwarks (2); 14 — the jib sheet (Kevlar rope); 15 — boom furling headsail; 16 — deck (material “Ferrari”, s0,5); 17 — control unit sails and catamaran; 18 — lace-up deck.

Note.

* In a side view of the left float conventionally not shown, the sails are in the diametrical plane.

** The view from the top sailing equipment conventionally not shown.

*** In the front view of the sails are in accordance with the course before the wind.

The layout of the paintings produced according to theoretical design, roll out roll of material on the floor and secure it with double sided sticky tape. Departing from the longitudinal edges of the material at a quarter of the circumference of a circle that is defined at the midsection of the float, hold the centerline. It is desirable that it coincided with the equity filament fabric base material. On the center set aside a period equal to the generatrix of the float. In the planned cross sections, the diameter of the float is calculated circumference and the fourth part put off, first in one direction from the axial, and then the other. The resulting points joined by a line drawing curves with the flexible slats.

The markings cut out with scissors the workpiece (this is the jumper), and on it — another one for the other float. Put the first (or second) of the pattern on the material, with an allowance of 20 mm cut the next workpiece (the upper blade), and on it — another one for the second float. At the last billet cut the third pair, increasing the allowance by 5 mm.

Theoretical drawing and the pattern canvases float

Theoretical drawing of the pattern canvases float:

A theoretical drawing; — partition; — the upper and lower cloths (the lower cut without holes); G is the hull bottom.

Possible position of the bulkhead of the float.

The possible position of the bulkhead float:

1 — upper (surface) shell; 2 — dividing wall; 3 — lower (underwater) shell; And an indifferent position of the septum in sealed envelopes; B — upper case of a damaged shell surface of the chamber; In the lower — damage shell underwater camera.

The cross section of the float (parts POS. 1, 2, 3, 4 made of a material “Ferrari”, glue “, Armono”):

1 — partition; 2 — upper cover; 3 — bottom shell; 4 — casing; 5 — joint; 6 — adhesive elastic band.

Bonding start with the top cloth and walls, thoroughly cleaning the mating edges with white spirit. The upper cloth should be on the bottom. The “tail” partition is glued to the top leaf, not reaching 200 mm to the end.

After applying the adhesive to the cleaned edges need to let it dry (about 20 minutes at room temperature). Then allowances of the top fabric folded and placed on with glue smeared the edges of the partitions. It is important to keep wrinkles. Then, heating the joints with a Hairdryer, rolled down their clip or compress in some other way.

After that, the gluing roll and put on the bottom sheet, smooth side facing down (this will be the bottom part of the float) and the bonding operation is repeated.

Finally, on the last seam to ensure sealing of the float glue on another strip of sticky plastic film with a width of 50 mm. the Quality of the joints was such that when you try to separate them using pliers eager and stratified the fabric, not the seam.

With the aim of increasing the survivability of the catamaran front half underwater camera floats dressed in “shell” — another layer of the same fabric. The covering prevents the lower shell from abrasion in shallow water or when beaching the catamaran on the shore, and also to some extent from damage on underwater obstacles or the bottom of the reservoir. “Skin” was glued on a ready and pumped up the float. At the same time glued the pockets for the stringers and drawstring for cables.

Power set. Although the catamaran is based on floats, which performance is comparable with inflatables, he, like most of the other boats, has a power set. The design of the power set — elastic-hard, or it can be called beam-rope.

Before describing the elements of the power set, note that they are all made on one principle: the ability to access them in the passenger rail car and even public transport. Specifically, this resulted in the fact that all long-length items have been divided into parts with a length of 2200 mm (or smaller balance). For example, the 8-meter mast is made up of four parts (knees): three 2.2-meter and one — 1.4 m. Joined of the knee with internal bushings and two bolts, and their mutual position is fixed by a bolt in the bushing and the groove in the knee. The slots and bolts in one knee rotated relative to another by 90°.

Power set of a catamaran (pipe material — duralumin):

1 — bow-beam-BIMS (pipe Ø 60×2); 2 — front deck beam (pipe-Ø 80×2); 3 — podmazova beam-BIMS (pipe-Ø 80×2); 4 — middle deck beam-BIMS (pipe-Ø 80×2); 5 — aft deck beam-BIMS (pipe-Ø 80×2); 6 — stringer (tube Ø 60×2, 2); 7 — longitudinal cantilever beam (pipe Ø 60×2); 8 — diagonal rope “spider” spruyt (Ø 3, 2); 9 — clamp-bugey mounts cantilever longitudinal I-beam; 10 — cross the rope “spider” (Ø 3); 11 — turnbuckle; 12 — frame of the bulwarks (tube Ø 25×1,5, 2); 13 — coasters-frames (tube Ø 25×1,5, 8); 14 — tether float (Ø 2, 4x); 15 — Spruit; 16 — pillers of the bow beam (tube Ø 60×2, 2); 17 float.

Longitudinal strength elements — stringers made from dural tubes with outer diameter 60 mm (wall thickness 2 mm). After installing them on floats (dock of the knees and positioning of the stand-frames) the ends of each stringer pulled together two cables laid in kuliske (special seams-pockets) on the sides of the floats, and these longitudinal bearing elements take the form of a gentle arc. These cables lead into the grooves in the lower ends of the supports, thus linking the power set with floats.

Supports under the stringers (let’s call them frames) have the form of wheels and are made of duralumin tubes with a diameter of 25 mm and a wall thickness of 1.5 mm. the height of the legs fastened by clamp, which is inserted into the stringer and clamped with the screw. In the middle part of the legs are connected with a screed, curved on the radius of the shell of the float, which is the backbone of a pressure transmission structure on the float, fixed between the legs. The lower end of the legs propylene shaped groove — it starts with a cable that connects the float with the power frame of the catamaran and fixes the position of the float between the legs. Extreme (front and rear) stand size slightly less than the average.

Steering gear and outboard motor to the stern of a catamaran

The steering gear and outboard motor to the stern of the catamaran.

The stringers are connected by a bridge of several transverse beams-bimav. Front (bow) of them are made of the same pipe, and stringers (diameter 60 mm), but the rest of duralumin tubes with a diameter of 80 mm. While the bow BIMS avoid zahlyosta counter wave elevated above the stringers on pillars, and the next three dovetailed directly with the ends of the stringers. Feed the beams laid on stringers on top. This is done also to raise it above the waves. However, feeding the BIMS can be called only conditionally, rather it is just the rear (or last) because aft no. For the installation here of the steering gear and outboard motor used longitudinal cantilever beam. If it is wave and reach, a large hydraulic resistance it will have and the speed of the catamaran will not drop.

Additionally, the beams are connected by braces, and with the stand-formers that support the stringers. Each of the beams consists of two parts: the 2.2-m and the residual length (it is different from the nose, middle and aft bimsb).

The greatest load carries podmoscovye BIMS. He, like others, a composite. And it was resolved to strengthen with a device called spreyton. This device is an under-mast (Podarochnoe) rack held three cable wires. Two stretch — diagonal (connecting the nasal part of one stringer and fodder — other), and third (transverse) passes under the beam, its ends are fastened to the stringers. The cables are omitted in the holes of the parts the stub (“spider”). Thus, part of the load from the mast with sails from the beam is redistributed to the stringers.

Podmoscovye node — spruyt:

1 — mast (aluminum, pipe-Ø 80×2); 2 — spur of the mast (aluminum); 3 — steps (special bolt M10, stainless steel); 4 — washer (heel) (aluminum); 5 — podmazova beam (made of anodized aluminum, pipe-Ø 80×2); 6 — bugey (stainless steel, sheet s1 is welded to the tube); 7 — a branch pipe (stainless steel, sheet s1); 8 — (dural tube Ø 28×2); 9 — mounting bushing (aluminum); 1 0 —strut (nut M10, stainless steel); 11 — “spider” (aluminum); 12 — cable (stainless steel).

The knee of the mast (upper — BOM-Bram-topmast and penultimate — Bram-topmast):

1 — top of knee (BOM-Bram-mast); 2 — tether (nylon rope Ø 10); 3 — cheeks of the pulley (duralumin sheet s2); 4 — fastening of knot of a pulley on the mast of the mast (M6 bolt with slanted washers and spacer sleeve, L90); 5 — pulley (aluminum); 6 — limiter of the tether (bolt M6, L30 with spacer sleeve); 7 — axis of pulley (bolt M6, L30); 8 carbine; 9 — likes (duralumin, U-shaped profile with shelves pazinojumi); 10 — mount likasa and connecting the sleeve to the knee of the mast (bolt M4 flat head); 11 — bracket vant (sheet s1, 2); 12 — position lock knee mast and likasa (bolt M4. 2); 13 — a connecting sleeve (dural tube Ø 76×1,5); 14 — the penultimate knee of the mast (Bram-topmast); 15 — spacer (aluminum pipe Ø 8×1, 2 PCs.); 16 — oblique pipe washer (aluminum); 17 — spacer washer (nylon, 2 PCs.).

The sails of the boat, the mainsail and the jib of the product purchased. Therefore, to describe the technology of their production will not. But I note that some previous designs sewed the sails himself, using as a textbook for the course of cutting and sewing, along with the special literature, and publication in the journal “modelist-Konstruktor”, for example in No. 6,7 for 1977 or later — in the number of 5.6 in 1999.

But the deck was sewn (or glued) himself on the same technology that floats (it is also made of a material “Ferrari”). The deck is a single layer rectangular panel, edged with double-folded along the length of the strip of the same material (just different color). Around the perimeter of the deck left not pasted drawstring — narrow sleeves — in the Assembly of the catamaran are inserted into aluminum tubing of small diameter. And along the tubes in the welded piping hot soldering iron at equal intervals (about 150 mm) small holes through which prinorovilsya deck to the stringers and beams. The deck is decorated banded in the same material the hole for the mast. Between this and the mast hole and the rear edge of the deck in the middle of the riveted host control the sails and catamaran — plate stainless steel with a few plastic stoppers.

Mast made of duralumin tubes with a diameter of 80 mm and a wall thickness of 2 mm. It is, as has been said — detachable and consists of four tribes: the mizzen-mast (lower), above the topmast and Bram-the topmast and the last — BOM-Bram the topmast. In the lower end of the mizzen mast, pressed spurs-Bush, which she set on the steps spruyt, and slightly above — made hole for the output file. Raskreplenija mast with four guys, the upper ends of which are fixed for earring at a height of 5.5 m. the Lower ends of a pair of bow cables wound in an annular head bolts, fastening the front of BIMS with stringers. Feed guys — branched. One of the branches caught on the bolt between podmoscovye beams with stringer, and another branch for the bolt, fastening the stringer and the aft beams.

Joining of the tribes of long frame members (stringers, beams, masts)

Joining of knees of long frame members (stringers, beams, masts):

1 — the first elbow; 2 — second elbow; 3 — bushing; 4 — fasteners (bolt M8 with two shaped “tube” washers 2 sets.).

Connecting the intermediate beams to the stringers:

1 — beam; 2 — pin (M8 bolt with two shaped “tube” washers); 3 — fasteners (M8 bolt with a ring head and shaped “pipe” washer); 4 — stringer.

The frame of the breakwater:

1 — the stem (duralumin tube Ø 25×1,5); 2 — strut; 3 — lug (steel plate s3); 4 — stringer; 5 — cable; 6 — a clamp with a lug (steel, sheet s1); 7 — beam (dural tube Ø 20×1, 2); 8 — front BIMS; 9 — pillers beams (tube Ø 60×2); 10 — float.

Kardan geek grotto:

1 — gik; 2 — panel (aluminum, sheet s3. 2); 3 — mount boom (bolt M8 with nut, 2 pieces); 4 — axis gimbal (bolt M8 with nut); 5 — biscuit; 6 — eye; 7 — mast.

Stand the stringers (parts of POS. 1, 3, 7 are made of dural tube Ø 25×1,5):

1 — leg (2 PCs); 2 — strut-braced panel (aluminum, sheet s2, 2); 3 — brace cross beam; 4 — a stopper (bolt M8); 5 — a clamp (stainless steel, sheet s2,5 nut M8); 6 — plate (duralumin, sheet s2, 2); 7 — coupling-bearing; 8 — float; 9 — transverse beam; 10 — stringer; 11 — the rope.

The mast is installed tilted backward from 5 to 12 degrees. To the mast along its entire height (for each knee) likes attached to the front of the luff of the sails of the grotto, enclosing it with Lightroom, and the mast BOM-Bram-steggy mounted block for the halyard. A little lower on the mast on the earring suspended from the unit for engagement of the cable mainsheet sails-headsail.

The rudder and centerboard of the same type design, the material used is also the same: duralumin sheet thickness of 1 mm. because it is bent in the form of steel channel and spars. The walls are connected together by rivets with countersunk heads. The wheel attached to the rear end of the longitudinal cantilever beams. Tiller steering is quite long, and it is made integral with universal joint (for easy control). On the same cantilever beam, only the front part fixed and the centerboard.

To improve navigability on the nose of each float is arranged in the breakwater, consisting of frame and cover. The frame is a bow mounted on the front end of the stringers, and beams connecting the upper end of the front cross beam. The cover has the shape of a triangular bag, which is made from the same material Ferrari. Lower edge of the cover — kulisami: they inserted the cables, tightening the ends of the stringers — they are tightly pressed against the edge of the cover to the sides of the floats.

The Assembly of the catamaran on the beach.

Catamaran ready to go.

Pumping cylinders produce the usual rubber boat pump (“frog”). But you can electric car, powered by an onboard network of the car, if the transport of a catamaran to the start produce the car. The pressure in the floats were not measured, but its sufficiency is determined as follows: when I stand on a balloon, he almost did not prominaetsya.

The catamaran has a mass of about 165 kg. disassembled it fits in four boxes, the size of each of which does not exceed that which you can freely go in public transport and in the passenger train. The weight of individual package is a little more (or less) to 40 kg and it is easy to move together and even alone. To assemble the catamaran, the best of all three. While its Assembly requires about three hours.

Recently purchased a boat and outboard motor power Yamaha 2 HP For it were made a small and simple frame, attaching it on the hinges to the aft beams just to the left of the steering wheel.

K. Tagil’tsev

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