“ARCHIMEDES” — A COMBAT SUBMARINE STEAMER

The “Archimedes” submarine at Fort Penfeld near Brest, 1910.

Steam-powered submarines are regarded today as something of a design curiosity, although the motives for their creation were entirely rational. The French set the fashion here. Despite the concept’s rapid failure, these boats took a very active part in the First World War. And one of the most successful steam submarines of the Third Republic’s Read more…

The Plastic “Camel”

Early Citroën Méhari

Many famous French automobiles were created by aviators. The cars of the Voisin brothers and Farman are well known, for example. A worthy place in automotive history is also held by the light off-roader Citroen Mehari. It was designed by a pilot as well — Hero of the Soviet Union, Count Roland de la Poype. Read more…

The Beginning of the Confrontation

The protected cruiser Vindictive, which hunted German ships in August 1914 and later gained fame during the raids on Zeebrugge and Ostend in the spring of 1918 (early 20th-century photograph).

By August 1914 the British Empire was bound by alliance treaties to France and Russia, yet after those countries entered the war against Germany it remained neutral for several more days. His Majesty’s Government needed a “worthy” pretext for declaring war, and it did not take long to find one. The Germans violated the neutrality Read more…

They Called It “Valentine”

Valentine tank in the USSR: Lend-Lease combat use

The British Valentine infantry tank was one of several tank types supplied to the USSR under Lend-Lease during the Great Patriotic War. In terms of the number of foreign combat vehicles, as well as its popularity with Soviet tank crews, it ranks second only to the American Sherman. By the end of the war, the Read more…

Orange Blossom

Nakajima Kikka before its first flight

Work on jet engines was already under way in Japan before the start of World War II, although at first it was mainly exploratory in nature. Active interest in jet technology arose when Captain N. T. Tanegashima became head of the engine department at the Naval Aviation Arsenal in Yokosuka (an organization similar in status Read more…

“Little Bear” from Turin

1980 Fiat Panda 45

1980. An unassuming little car, the Fiat Panda, takes to the roads of Europe. At the time, no one could have guessed that it would become a bestseller, remain in production until 2003, and that its successors would still be rolling off the assembly line today. The car appeared at a difficult time. Because of Read more…

“Flying hippopotamus”

Douglas XB-19: first U.S. intercontinental bomber

The nuclear arms race between the United States and the Soviet Union in the second half of the 20th century is regarded as one of the defining chapters of modern history. A central episode of that era was the emergence of strategic bombers. To cross the Atlantic or Arctic Ocean carrying a 5,000 kg bomb Read more…