Another device, which is equipped with the power plant of my trike — V-belt reducer. Its application provides a thrust of about 120 kgf when using a propeller with a diameter of 1600 mm. the mass of the gearbox with the housing is only 9.8 kg.
It should be noted that the total mass of the power plant, including a boxer engine, V-belt and reducer, the starter, was still less than mass production propeller systems, for example that installed on the trikes “rainbow”, and almost 30 kg, So the payload of my ultralights is the same amount more!
I repeat again that the operation of the boxer engine, created on the basis of parts and components of motorcycle engines of the type IZH-Planeta-4, has a very significant drawback — the complexity of the starting on earth and not in the air. However, a reliable and fast engine start in the air — a necessary condition for the operation of regular passenger ultralights.
After an eight-month experiments to solve this problem helped regular chainsaw of the type “Ural-2”. I cut off her horns, set in their place the fuel tank capacity of 5 liters, put instead of the saw blade reducer universal hub and got the most powerful starter, which easily runs 36 HP engine opposed to the scheme. Three months of ground and flight tests of the prototype, we develop the regular ultralights “Taiga-01” we made over 800 runs of the engine, which allowed us the time to fix minor damage, to make changes in the design. Ultimately, the starter worked flawlessly.
A few words about the design of the starting device. As already mentioned, the starter motor — the engine the chainsaw “Ural-2” capacity 5 HP at 6200 rpm Start starter remote, using the handle located above the pilot’s head, using the cable extender. Management — using the trigger on the handle grip, located under the left hand of the pilot.
Universal hub made of steel grade “20”. It consists of housing, shaft with the driven clutch plate and the gear of the kick starter engine T-200, redesigned as shown on the drawings. The shaft is mounted in housing on two bearings No. 202; the output part of the gear with external diameter of 50 mm is the input shaft of the reducer (in this case with a ratio equal to 1), which is supported by bearing No. 202 (building it welded to the rear wall of the gearbox). The gear is attached to the dowel and that is fixed by the spacer bushing and nut. Universal hub is fixed with M5 bolts on the bracket and is connected with the starting motor yoke regular chainsaw; at the junction is the mechanism of inertial coupling.
Starter Assembly engine:
1 — starter, 2 — pinch clamp, 3— front of fuel tank, 4 — reducer sleeve, 5 — bracket, 6 — a universal hub, 7 — gearbox housing (without cover), 8 — shaft hub, 9 — gear, 10 — housing, 11 — removable bearing housing, 12 — shaft, 13, 15 — stars 14 — the chain (off the bike), 16 — shaft starter, 17 — arm, 18 — case-based, 19 — gear Bendix 20 — crown gear, 21 is the casing of the starter 22 — drive arm, 23 — bolt, 24 — tube tow rope lock, 25 — stretch collar, 26 — mounting bracket shaft, 27 — shims 28 — socket rods towing lock, 29 — slave pulley Ø 220 mm, 30 — V belt (length 10-12 mm), 31 — drive pulley Ø 130 mm, 32 — the lower part of the motor, 33 — a main engine (left side cylinder is not shown).
The mounting bracket of the starter:
1 — base 2 — brace.
Case-base:
1 — top panel 2 — front panel, 3, 8 — sides, 4 — plate mount starter engine, 5 — shock 6 — housing of the shock absorber, 7 — middle panel, 9 — upper part of motor, 10 — rear panel, 11 — bolts of fastening of a reducer cap. (Holes to facilitate Assembly)
The secondary shaft of the gearbox of the starter is made of steel “20”. With the input shaft it is connected by a pair of gears with the same number of teeth and the shaft of the starter drive pair of the same stars (from the engine of a moped “Riga-2”) and a Bicycle chain. This kinematic connection, changing the direction of rotation of the drive shaft necessary for the normal operation of the Bendix clutch. Install the secondary shaft in the same type of removable housings with bearings No. 202. Hub gears and sprockets converted as shown in the drawings, and light weight. They are mounted on the shaft by means of dowels and tie spacer bushings.
Shaft and clutch mechanism of the starter with the engine trike are part of the starter ST-366, which removed the hull and wrapping around, a sawed-off skirt and flange of the retractor relay. The left part of the shaft machined and progressirovanii under the key for the driven sprocket; it is fixed in the bearing No. 202, which is located in a rented building.
Flange right (dural) portion of the starter mounted on the front panel of the case-base starting device bolts with thread M10x1 mm For ease of maintenance and repair head right bolt is welded to the inside front wall of the case-base. The head of the left bolt is a fork with a thumb hole arm remote clutch engagement. For cable tension and fixation of the Bendix gear lever connects to the case-base through the spring with an external diameter of 15 mm (tension force — 5…6 kgf) and bracket. Transmission of rotation from the starter motor to the powertrain of a trike is when you enter the meshing gear Bendix gear-starter crown from a pair of engine RMZ-640 (of course, modified as shown in the drawings) fixed on the driven pulley belt reducer.
The mounting bracket of the starter motor and universal hub made of sheet steel 2 mm thick steel tubes with an external diameter of 28 mm with rubber shock absorbers (suspension scooter cargo “the Ant”) by welding. The bracket is facilitated by drilling holes Ø 8 mm.
The base housing of the starting device is made almost the same as the previous part — bracket laskovogo engine and universal hub.
Universal hub:
1 — shaft-disc clutch, 2, 4, 9 — bearings No. 202, 3 — body, 5, 7 — spacer, 6 — gear, 8 — nut, 10 — bearing housing.
Secondary shaft Assembly:
1, 9 — bearing, 2,8 — bearings No. 202, 3 — shaft, 4 — starlet, 5, 7 — spacer, 6 — gear.
Starter:
1 — bearing housing, 2 — bearing No. 202, 3 — the adjusting washer, 4 — star, 5 — shaft, 6 — housing, 7 — the right mounting bolt, 8 — bolt left-fork, 9 — gear shift lever, 10 — bracket, 11 — spring.
Housing parts of the gearbox:
1 — base, 2 — cover.
The technique of starting the engine using the starting device
Open the fuel tap and filled float chamber of the carburettor starting the engine. The pilot sits in a chair and fastened with seatbelts. The right hand sharply, with a force of 15…20 kg jerks the starter handle starting the engine, located above the pilot’s head. After the start of starting the engine the pilot locks the foot brake on the front wheel of the chassis, gently pull on the handle “grip-decompressor-gas” starting the engine while squeezing the index finger on the trigger “gas starter”. Through 1…2 seconds after main engine start, the pilot translates forward (away from you) the left hand and adds grip throttle of the main engine (on the right side of the steering linkage), then turns off the fuel valve, starting the engine.
A few training runs: time to start the main engine will not exceed 12…15 seconds, and when you enable pre-start-engine — 5…6 seconds.
Due to the high operational reliability of the chainsaw “Ural-2” and, accordingly, its engine starting device based on it smoothly operates in the temperature range from +30° to -40°. Weight starting device Assembly without fuel tank, but with the driven pulley belt reducer on the shaft and bracket adjusting gasket — Torque 15 kg. torque of the starting device, allows you to run motors up to 50 HP— however, if you change the gear ratio in a gear pair reducer, and use a more reliable motorcycle sprockets and chains.
V. RIABUSHEV, engineer, city of Sharypovo of the Krasnoyarsk region
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Operation of the trike in boreal conditions has a lot of features that should be considered in the design of such specialized aircraft. In particular, taiga del’talet must possess the ability to catch even the small clearing, and when forced landings and at the tops of the trees. The engine of his must differ high reliability, the ability to run effortlessly in the air and on the ground force mi of the pilot. But the staff should have the ability to transform, so that its parts can be had relatively quickly to collect the vehicle, allowing to reach a forced landing to the nearest shelter.