The design — motorcycle, half-track course with the steering front wheel with a tire of low pressure and driven by caterpillar designed to be driven on the road, mainly in the summer and in the offseason, in the winter in the snow (snow cover 25 cm), as well as on ice and crust. The permeability of the motorcycle, in principle, “everywhere.” The only exceptions are water obstacles to a depth of over 30 cm (floods the ignition system) but the swamp where the man gets bogged down knee-deep On a motorcycle can carry cargo up to 30 kg, and the trailer under 80 kg in the summer — on the wheel (high flotation tires), winter — sledding. In the “Modeller-designer” were found descriptions of similar bikes, but they are mostly calculated on the movement in the snow, had many rollers of small diameter and, consequently, significant power loss and the driving caterpillar tracks with moss and dirt when moving through the swamp, and in the winter “mess” when driving on ice.
Before that I had various homemade motorcycle wheels with chamber large-diameter wheels, “azovskii” lightweight tire with extra drive on the side of the trailer, but to achieve high cross somehow failed — that was great specific pressure, the side dimensions of the trailer lost the possibility of movement on any path or directly through the forest, and the mass of his passes for 140 — 150 kg, for motorcycle unacceptable (to note — submitted version has a mass of 110 kg).
Unfortunately, the lack of a light engine was forced to use relatively heavy — truck motor scooter Muravey, air cooled Engines from “Minsk” or “Sunrise” have a low-torque, high-rpm, you do not have forced cooling, and therefore malopodhodyaschimi to work with a crawler gear Power unit is used unchanged, only the air intake of the fan is also covered with the perforated cover (from falling leaves and grass) Yes installed magneto, although he later provided his replacement contactless system from scooter “Vyatka”. This scheme is tested on a snowmobile and has proven to be trouble-free in Addition to start it is much lighter, does not require relay control and not sticking out from the side, and therefore does not interfere when driving off-road.
Motorcycle with track propulsion in running is not very different from a normal road, its maximum speed reaches 60 km/h, although this rate when driving on country roads or forest trails are not very important.
Tracked motorcycle all-terrain vehicle:
1—the engine (motor scooter cargo “the Ant”); 2 — forced air cooled engine (motor scooter cargo “the Ant”), 3 — intermediate chain reducer, 4 to the second stage chain transmission (t=15,785); 5 — driving wheel caterpillar tracks; 6 — drive sprocket of the drive wheel; 7 — the mechanism of a tension of the chain drive wheel of the caterpillar (4 pieces), 8 — tracks; 9 — frame; 10 — a tension wheel caterpillar tracks 11 — guard (AMG-2, sheet s1,5); 12—seat 13 — the first stage chain transmission (chain t = 12,7), 14—the carburettor; 15—fuel tank V = 12 l (AMG-2, sheet s1), 16 — muffler engine exhaust (stainless steel, sheet s1) 17—ignition coil (from the motor scooter “Ant”); 18—the wheel (from a motorcycle “Rising”, extended), 19—vetrovec glass (plexiglass), 20 —wind deflector (AMG-2, sheet s1,5); 21—spotlight (purchased product), 22 — wing (AMG-2, sheet s1,5), 23—front fork, 24—front wheel.
Now about the design of a motorcycle-ATV. The frame is borrowed from a motorcycle “Voskhod” adapted “ant” motor brackets, and an elongated rear part. To facilitate installation of the engine front bracket attached to the frame with two bolts” and not welded as the other two.
Frame and suspension:
1. front fork, 2 front fork, 3 — absorber of a front suspension (a motorcycle “Voskhod”, 2 pieces), 4 amp (strut, strut and crossmember) front fork, 5 — milotinova communication (2); 6 — upper and lower steering yoke; 7 —steering column (2 PCs), 8—wheel, 9 — line frame (from a motorcycle “Voskhod”), 10—mounting bracket of the fuel tank (2 PCs), 11— front mounting bracket of the power unit, 12— lower mounting bracket of the power unit, 13 — rear bracket of the power unit, 14 — mounting bracket intermediate shaft chain gear (2 PCs), 15 side member, 16—side bracket (2 PCs), 17— rear bracket, 18 — grid for suspension of caterpillar tracks (2 sets), 19—pendulum-plug the drive (lead) wheels, caterpillar tracks, the 20 — shock absorber suspension privodnoi wheels, 21 — way plug front idlers of caterpillar tracks, a 22 — damper suspension idler wheel 23 — tensioner (4 PCs); 24—Longarone cross member (2 PCs), 25 — crossbar grids suspension of caterpillar tracks (3 PCs), 26 — eye fastening plugs 27 — bushing suspension fork, 28—cap.
Caterpillar:
1—strip (strip retinocortical s4, 2 PCs.), 2 — clip (steel wire Ø 8, according to the requirements), 3 — amplifier bracket (steel wire Ø 8, according to need); 4 — grouser (steel sheet s4—P-shaped profile 10x20x10, on demand), 5 — fasteners (steel rivet Ø 5 with the widened head, as needed).
The front wheel with a lightweight tire:
1 — bushing-hub (building automotive hand pump for pumping tires), 2 — flange hub (steel sheet s3. 2); 3 — spokes-struts (wire F5, 4 pairs); 4 — ROM (AMG-2, sheet s3. 2), 5 —coupling (stud M6, 8 pieces), 6 — filler (foam); 7 — camera, 8 — bus, 9 — mount the tires to the drive (M6 bolt with a “mustache” washer, 16 PCs.), 10 — drive holder to the flange (bolt M6, 4 pieces) 11 — fitting the camera (extended).
Made plugs new, front forks “Sunrise” uses only the top and bottom bridges Yes the steering shaft with bearings. To the bridge is welded segments of rectangular thin-walled tubes, which form the upper and lower yokes, and it’s already welded on the feathers of the front fork with the appropriate amplifiers-braces and crosspieces On the front (lower) ends of the feathers has eyes for silentblocs through which is suspended a swinging arc of the front wheel, is made of thin-walled hromansilevyh (steel 30KHGSA) pipe. The direction of the arc of the fork chosen for themselves (as is the case, for example, in aircraft). This scheme, combined with rather soft wide lightweight wheel Pneumatics (pressure 0.2 — 0.3 ATM) allows to absorb shocks and easy to overcome even the fallen trees on the way.
The wheel is hand made. The rim is made of 6 mm wire, wheels — AMG-5 3-mm thick, bracing — of 5-mm wire, the hub — tubular case automotive hand pump, the axle is also tubular, light-weight In a single drive cut the flap, which is derived through the extension tube fitting the camera. Itself tire sidewalls attached to the edges of the sidewalls of the disc bolts.
Applied front (as, indeed, and rear) shock absorbers of a motor scooter — of course, “last century”, but in a modern (from scooters or snowmobiles) is not enough Finance Along with shock absorbers and wheel axle fork forms a closed frame that works well for the fracture and torsion. Generally, it should be noted that the optimum combination of strength and sufficient lightness has received considerable attention because in off-road conditions — the load is much greater than in the road bike, and in case of breakage of the wilderness to bring him home is difficult!
On the rear fork will explain later, when we will focus on caterpillar tracks.
The need to ensure the required clearance and optimum (rather low) speed of the drive wheel-roller caterpillar was forced to use in the intermediate transmission chain transmission gear, for which the frame has the appropriate mounts with grooves that allow to tighten the chain the first stage (the chain pitch — 12.7 mm). The transmission of rotation from the gearbox to the driving wheel compactor caterpillar tracks, too, made a chain from the machinery (step — 15,785 mm), This chain has a more significant resource in terms of pollution, compared to the motorcycle As has become clear, tracked propulsion consists of two caterpillar rollers and wheels leading and tension. Before between the wheels on both track tapes were still the two supporting small rink sloth (see photo screensavers). But the operation showed that a well-stretched caterpillar at such a small distance between the wheels and no sloths holds a good load.
Leading and front idlers of caterpillar tracks — the same scooter Tulitsa (or similar), and on the lid of the lead sliced transverse grooves (not touching the cord) for engaging with the grouser tracks. Both wheels have independent suspension Each mounted in its fork a pendulum, articulated to the frame via saylenbloki (from a motorcycle “Voskhod”).
At the ends of circular plugs provided by the grooves and to move the wheels with the purpose of track tension, and they rely on the frame using the simplest system (pipe-in-pipe, with springs from front forks “Sunrise”), which leads to a minimum mass. The buildup occurs because of the distribution of the load on the wheels and caterpillar tracks. Rims — regular, but light weight with drilling. Hub inserted in the Central holes of the discs and secured welded spokes-struts of 5-mm wire.
For the hubs used a cylindrical housing from an automotive hand pump, its inner diameter is just under 202 bearing, and to the last (they are in the hub of the two) is not failed, is inserted inside the segments (rings) fitting pipe of smaller diameter and through the holes in the hub are fixed by plug lap joint. As the hub flange is flat and thin, for rigidity on both sides it is reinforced with struts of 5-mm wire, which distribute the load on the edge of the hub. Shaft front (master) wheel tracks and the rear (tension) is made of pipes with a diameter 16×2,5 mm and the middle part is lightened (machined). Between the struts are hammered into the snow and mud, so it is better to fill the “Makrofleks” and paint. By the way, all niches and cavities, including the internal cavity of the front wheel (controlled by Pneumatics), also filled with foam.
Protection of wheel bearings requires special attention — they work in the conditions of intensive contamination, so they need to protect the lids or you can apply the bearings with protective washers. The sprocket wheel of the caterpillar has two bearings from the stars for reliability, and the pipe hub top has additional lining to spread the load.
The caterpillar collected from 2 strips of nylon condolence and lugs, made of 8-mm wire rod and reinforced in the middle of another piece of the same wire. To connect with strips of tape of the cleats to the last bent segments welded from 4 mm sheet of channels to which are fastened by bolts and tape tracks.
Caterpillar mover: rims light weight the drill holes; mount with hubs strengthened by the spokes; the tyre of the drive wheel slotted grooves of bracket tracks.
Front wheel: tire lightweight — removed protector; rims — solid, and the space between them filled with construction foam; the busses to the disks are attached by bolts.
Pay attention to the shape of the lug — he repeats the tyre profile. The ends of the wire rod should have a bevel for an unobstructed sunset drive wheel and the welds thoroughly cleaned. Of course, the oval shape of the cleats has “cons” — the stalling of the tracks on compacted snow as well as sliding sideways on the ice because of the oval shape of the lugs, but this disadvantage is minor, more important is the ease of control of the motorcycle on cornering, which made this form of grouser. With direct (flat) grundsatze will have a hard time keeping balance, especially on turns (tested!). The leading and the tensioning wheel track block are re-manufactured hub — due to its weight, normally.
Now “minor” nodes. The fuel tank 12 litres is welded by argon welding of 1-mm aluminum sheet (AMH-2), the inside has a partition (otherwise at great length and small height of the tank is the release of fuel to the drainage).
Muffler:
1—primary camera (tube Ø 60×1); 2—fitting of the inlet pipe; 3 — an intermediate chamber; 4—connecting pipe of primary and secondary cameras (tube Ø 32×1) with holes Ø 5; 5—secondary camera (tube Ø 60×1); 6—exhaust pipe (pipe Ф25х1); 7—retaining lug with a jumper (sheet s3).
The transmission is a two-stage chain transmission with intermediate shaft:
1—power unit; 2—output shaft of the powertrain; 3—sprocket of the output shaft (z = 13); 4—circuit PR-12,7 the first stage; 5—the bearing of the intermediate shaft (bearing 80204, 2); 6—sprocket intermediate gear (z = 21), 7—intermediate shaft; 8—sprocket driven intermediate gear (z = 18); 9—circuit PR-15,875 second stage; 10—gear sprocket of the drive wheel tracks (z = 21, t = 15,875); 11 —hub of the drive wheel; 12—sprocket of a caterpillar, 13—hub bearing (2); 14—axis of the drive wheel.
The whole “veneer” (sidewall) and the front wing is also made of AMG-2. Headlight plastic, installed to protect ocasin between the front forks. A wind deflector is also made of aluminium alloy-with 2 removable, mounted on four horses.
The driver seat is removable (based out of AMG-5 2.5 mm thick), under it are two compartments, the walls of which are made of a light alloy sheet In the first is the relay controller and the second tool.
In the future, when the transition to the thyristor ignition system compartment relay control to be used as air cleaner.
The muffler on the issue is made very compact of 1 mm steel, non-collapsible, noise during engine operation is comparable with the exhaust of on-road motorcycles. About twice a year it is necessary to burn from coking in this engine oil.
All electrical equipment (generator, relay controller) standard, and the carb-TO-36G IN the future we plan to install block valves (for “Model construction”). Steps — tubular, retracts back and up. The wheel — from “Sunrise”, but extended by inserts 150 mm, controls on it are the same as on road bikes. Behind the driver’s seat there is a cargo area, with three sides to it welded handle for pulling the bike out of the quagmire (it happens sometimes!), they also serve as hooks for anchoring cargo.
Under the trunk is the coupling device. It was established later, and, admittedly, not entirely successful (and therefore not shown is a device in the drawing). It is necessary to close the splash shield to close up your dirt. However, to raise high the coupling device is not necessary (you will have to do a long trailer hitch).
Chain transmission with intermediate shaft-reducer: in the foreground over the driven sprocket intermediate shaft sprocket are visible to the engine output shaft and the chain PR-12,7 the first stage.
Under the driver’s seat placing a small compartment electrical equipment and tool kit.
Tracked motorcycle all-terrain vehicle with a trailer.
As already mentioned, the void under the seat (tool compartment) and the trunk filled with foam, in combination with the front wheel, they ensure the buoyancy of motorcycle, which is quite relevant in recent warm winters. Agree that it’s better than getting the bike from the bottom of the reservoir. The front wheel — tire and low pressure, manufactured from lightweight tyre Oise. The method of manufacture described in the “Modeller-designer”, but I note that “sword” is not sure — the clutch is enough, if you slice a “grinder” shallow “tree”.
All chains of transmission are closed with grilles of AMC-2, it reduces pollution and ensures the safety of the driver. Chain case drive wheel is detachable, to facilitate removal of the wheel and casing repair in case of breakage (it happens when driving on fallen trees). Bottom cover left open (so it does not linger on the snow or dirt), and previewdata at high speeds the chain does not touch the bottom.
As the tracked motorcycle — vehicle off-road, because of the complexity of the structure to equip it with brakes did not, and little need for them. Scheduled stop producing gradual decrease of speed due to friction in the drivetrain (you can slow down and foot — speed small). The same emergency braking performed by engine — dramatically throttle back or turn off the ignition (the latter method was used only as an exercise).
A. KOKSHAROV, p. Loukhi, Republic of Karelia
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