DIGGING WITHOUT LOSS | MODEL CONSTRUCTION

The design, which will be discussed, could be called a potato harvester as it consists of several relatively independent units. The potato is intended to be coupled primarily with a mini-tractor “Ocarinas”, whose description is published in the “Modeller-designer” № 12 in 1996, But since it has a standalone engine, it can be paired with any truck, regardless of, he has a PTO or not. A horse harnessed! I think that the concept of my machine will be useful for other Amateur designers who create their own agricultural machinery.

A feature of the scheme is this. Moving behind a mini-tractor in the aisles, a trailer unit with its shovel-like blade raises borovok (row potato) and dissolve the tubers. They, along with earth and the remains of the fall foliage on the chain-rod conveyor of the Elevator. In other kartoffelkopf the tubers after going through the passing conveyor tray to the drum cleaner, the entrance to which they constantly accumulate, delaying the cleaning. In my own there is no drum cleaner — earth wakes up through the bars still on the conveyor, withered the tops of the big picture, and peeled tubers are in the storage hopper.

Combine simple constructive — there are a lot of components and parts from written-off agricultural aggregates, primarily from industrial potato digger, as well as technologically — for its production in the home Studio enough to have a hacksaw, drill and welding machine (turning works at a minimum).

The basis of the kinematics consists of three chain and one chain-transfer rod (with the use of roller chains and sprockets from mopeds, bicycles and agricultural equipment).

And now more about each of the main components.

Chief among them is the Elevator. It performs two functions: transport — moves and cleans potatoes — and carrier — mounted to its frame, the entire motor-gear unit. The Elevator is mounted asymmetrically relative to the wheel carriage. This is due to the peculiarity of the work of the tractor width gauge is usually more distance between Borovka, so one wheel of the tractor and the mast always go for the aisle and the other on removed field.

the Elevator is made from the corners of 45×45 mm. it is screwed To the blade and the housing support and traction sprockets on the drive shaft of the conveyor.

Chain-bar conveyor or caterpillar — charged potato harvester. Her chain shortened to about 1670 mm (44 left of the bar), and bars up to 300 mm. the Caterpillar is provided with vanes capture the tubers (without them large potatoes will roll down) and is installed on supporting sprockets, the front of which is adjustable (they determine the degree of chain tension). The conveyor moves the traction sprockets on the drive shaft. And with a speed greater than the speed of movement of the tractor in the aisle, otherwise the processor will not cope with the flow of incoming tubers.

To the corners of the frame is welded to the side of steel sheet of thickness 1 mm, sides — rays, covering the circuit below did not get there potatoes, and besides — the four brackets: two for the slats which adjusts the angle of inclination relative to the wheeled carriage, and two for attaching the Elevator to the carriage.

Potato harvester:

1,2 — hinge and pull the drawbar (in front view is not shown), a 3 — frame motor-gear unit, 4 — fuel tank 5 — engine, 6 — drive chain conveyor of the Elevator, 7 is the hopper, 8 — wheel carriage, 9 — adjusting strap, 10 — fixing unit of the Elevator, the 11 — chain-bar conveyor, 12— Board the Elevator, the 13 — share.

The motor-gear unit:

1 — frame unit, 2,9 — large sprocket (z=48) with bushing, 3, 7 — small sprocket (z=16) with bushings, 4 — engine, the 5.6 — housing upper and lower shaft with bearings (machinery), 8 — frame motor, 10 chain moped, 11 — the lever of a manual start engine.

The frame of the motor-gear unit:

1 — left front, 2 — rear bracket 3 — front bracket, 4 — lower cross member (2 PCs), 5 — upper cross member (2 PCs), 6 — right front 7 — top tool trays (2 PCs.), 8 — a platform for the motor frame (steel, sheet, s3), 9 — lower lodgements (50x50x3 steel angle, 2 PCs.). Items 1 — 7 of steel 40x40x3 area. All the slots of the mounting are in place.

Elevator (conveyor and rays ia the top view is not shown):

1 – shield 2, 10 – Borg, 3, 9 -rays. 4 – frame, 5 -adjustable reference sprocket (z=9, 2 PP.), 6 – unregulated reference sprocket (z=9, 2 PP.), 7 is fixed traction sprocket (z=9, 2 pieces), 8-shaft, 11 – bolt-M10 (16 PP .).

The frame of the Elevator:

1 – limber (steel sheet, s5), 2 — cross member (area 45x45x5, 2), 3 — longeron (area 45x45x5), 4 — mounting bracket to the carriage (steel sheet, s5, 2 PCs.), 5 — bracket, adjusting strap (area 45x45x5, 2 PCs.).

The drive unit of the conveyor:

1 — sprocket (z=19), 2 — longeron, 3 — drive sprocket, 4 — bolt M8 (3 PCs.), 5 — shaft, 6 — a bearing 204 in the housing (2), 7 — lock washer (4 pieces).

As mentioned above, the Elevator is mounted a motor-gear unit with its frame. Engine — moped, D-6, without any improvements (although it would be useful to install a fan forced cooling). Power it with more than enough to drive the conveyor. Put it in the simplest way — starting lever. The efforts of the hands to do enough.

Reducer is a combination of the three chain drives (all moped chain and sprocket — bike, modified) and two intermediate shafts — upper and lower. The purpose of a gearbox is to transmit torque from D-6 to the drive shaft of the Elevator.

Fuel flows by gravity from the fuel tank, mounted just above the engine.

The cargo block is also structurally simple. It consists of a wheeled carriage and the hopper drive. Frame of the mast is welded from the corners 40×40 mm, and the wall of the silo is cut from roofing iron and screwed to the front and rear racks thick wire through the holes (this attachment is enough to use bolts or rivets seemed to me irrational). For unloading hopper bottom lattice is lowered, and the tubers are collected in pre-prepared bags.

The ploughshare is made of four parts: stub disc cultivator, steel plate thickness of 4 mm, front edge where a broken hammer in the form of a disc, and two brackets from the corners of 45×45 mm. Steel disk hardened, she fears neither stones nor shriveled the earthen clods. The semicircular shape of the cutting edges when digging potatoes the most effective. To the frame of the Elevator the ploughshare is attached with four bolts.

A coupling device especially will not describe. All equipment is different, and mounted guns, typically mounted in different ways. I can only say that the leading element of a node is a joint from the tie rod end of truck, convenient and reliable item.

Potato harvester used for two seasons and significantly reduced the severity of agricultural labor in our family.

S. GORYACHEV,

Rybinsk,

Yaroslavl region

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