The Russian Federation is the only country possessing the technology of ekranoplane. In addition to the giant apparatus created under the direction of R. Alekseev, developed and are small, designed for local “airlines”. An example of this is a twin-engine 10-seater airplane EP-7 “Ivolga”, created under the leadership of Vladimir Kolganova EP-7 made according to the classic scheme of the aircraft with a composite wing. On the wing of small aspect ratio located displacement hull floats and propellers in annular channels.
Ivolga
During the great Patriotic war in the Soviet Union from the United States and supplied under lend-lease twin-engine bombers b-25 “Mitchell” company “North American”. The aircraft started to be developed in 1938 as an attack-bomber. He had dvuhkilevoe tail and tricycle landing gear support to facilitate its operation. After reworking the project into a bomber the machine, adopting, received the designation b-25. Her first flight took place on 19 August 1940
Training aircraft, T-28 “Trojan” developed by “North American” replacement for the T-6 “Texan”. The first flight of its prototype HT-28 was held on 26 September 1949: in mass production was designated T-28A. Double the aircraft was a cantilever low with retractable tricycle landing gear. Built 1194 machines, including variations of the T-28B and T-28C with the brake hook, and intended to study landing on the deck of aircraft carriers.
The fighter I-16 in the civil war of Spain. The history of the airplane. This plane was largely first. In the USSR, he was the first popular fighter with retractable landing gear, the first fighter, which the pilot’s seat was equipped with an armored backrest and, finally, the world’s first fighter-bomber. We are talking about the plane I-16, created by the design Bureau of Nikolai Nikolaevich Polikarpov, who in the second half of the 1930-ies deservedly called “king of fighters”.
Development of front-line bomber Tu-2 began in 1940 prototype (“103”) built with two engines AM-37. The first flight took place in January 1941 On it during the tests managed to get the settings close to the fighters of those years, but the air force demanded to accommodate the pilot and Navigator in a cabin-type German Ju 88 and mounted under a wing brake grids. The new four-seater has received the designation “103У”. Due to the outbreak of the war she remained in the experimental instance.
31 October 1945 the technical Department of the Us air command (the name of the U.S. air force) requested the leading firms, they create new weapon systems capable of hitting targets at ranges from 40 to 8000 km.
The priority of the German aircraft industry in jet aircraft does not diminish the role of other countries that have joined before the Second world war in the “reactive” race. And each of them has contributed to this difficult process. Am Cradle started to design the turbojet engine (TRD) in the mid-thirties of the last century and do not start a war, probably would have completed it before.
On the night of 8 August 1941 from the airfield Cahul, located on the island of Ezel (Saaremaa) in the Baltic sea, flew three groups of 15 bombers DB-ZT of the Baltic fleet. Aboard each plane were eight stokilogrammovye high-explosive bombs. To Berlin had to go through the 1760 km, of which 1400 over the sea at an altitude of 7000 m out of sight of land and the same back. That night in Berlin for the first time over the past two years howled air RAID siren. The Germans, not believing in the capabilities of Soviet aviation, reported on the RAID of British bombers. However, soon the whole world heard the TASS report about the RAID of Soviet aircraft, razveyatsya the myth of the invincibility of Germany.
Fighter-bomber FIAT G. 91. In February 1952, at the ninth session of the Atlantic Council in Lisbon, the decision was made for the NATO standard combat aircraft is a light fighter-bomber LWSF (Light-Weight Strike Fighter). In December 1953, NATO headquarters on the basis of the analysis of the Korean war he developed tactical and technical requirements for light single aircraft support ground troops — NATO Basic Military Requirement No. 1 (abbreviated — NBMR-1). March 18, 1954 this document is sent to all interested aircraft manufacturers of Europe.
The exploration of outer space has the beginning, but the end of these proceedings, with no end of the universe, where they are conducted. But whenever in the future, we turned to the topic of penetration of earthlings into space, we will inevitably look back to seek the origins.