SAUNA IN THE GARDEN | MODEL CONSTRUCTION

During project development, and construction of baths, saunas in the garden, I proceeded from the fact that it took less materials and time. And this, I think I managed, mostly by reducing the size of the structure, achieved by replacing a large washing room, small shower. Furthermore, the design of saunas is designed so that all elements can be made yourself or ordered in shop drawings.

Compact oven-stove and direct-flow system for receiving a shower of water and steam allow you to minimize the time of preparation of baths to action: after lighting the oven after 10-15 minutes it is already possible to take a shower and dry steam with temperature of 100° C or higher at a relative humidity of 5-6% ready in 25-30 minutes. Bandwidth baths-saunas are not limited to: serve water in tanks, threw wood into the furnace. In the days of “pilgrimage” friends and neighbours full bath service was held to 15 people.

This restaurant can be easily entered in the room of a house, a shed for livestock on the farm, builders or other workers employed in mobile stations or working in shifts.

Layout

The project includes three main rooms bath-sauna: locker room, steam room and a shower room. The General arrangement is given in figure 1.

Fig. 1. Sauna:

1 — dressing room, 2 — bath, 3 — washroom, 4 — oven, 5 — asbestos screen, 6 — shelves, 7 — stage, 8 — tray, 9 — grid, 10 — overflow, 11 — brick masonry, 12 — mixer, 13 — casting Board, a 14 — screen 15 — bench.

The Foundation

If on-site construction, the soil is sandy-loam, with a deep groundwater table, the Foundation is sufficient to carry the concrete tables under the corners of the structure (after removal of the vegetable layer of soil). In soils that are capable of swelling, the Foundation is laid to a depth of freezing ground.

The sauna-saunas

The base of the structure serves as the bottom rail (Fig. 2) made of timber 80X120 mm. Joists have a cross-section 30Х120 mm. In the corners of bars embedded in a half-tree and fasten with nails. Binding fit for the Foundation with a lining of waterproofing of roofing material and check the diagonals.

Fig. 2. Of the bottom rail.

The walls of the baths are in a separate frame and the infill panels in a horizontal position on the Plaza. Their barrels are knit from boards section 50X60 50X30 mm. and Connection elements overlapping with the sidebar on a half-tree.

The finished frame is applied a layer of tar paper or plastic film and cutting in a horizontal direction (height of Board) boards with a thickness of 15-20 mm and a width of 100-120 mm (one quarter). The shield is inverted, the cavity is covered with dry sawdust with the rammer (or mineral wool), covered with plastic film, two layers of paper and sew up the boards on the diagonal of the shield. This arrangement of the boards creates longitudinal stability.

The best material for cladding are coniferous breeds of a tree. The steam room ceiling, the wall adjacent to the shelf, and the shelves yourself, you need to perform from hardwood. The best of them is aspen. It has a lower thermal conductivity, warms up quickly (conifers, containing a lot of tar, burn the skin; appear on the ceiling “stalactites”). To avoid cracking the humidity of boards should not exceed 15%. This wall holds heat well without “condensation or”. Right side shield (Fig. 3A) has an opening for the installation of the furnace and Windows. In front (Fig. 3b), the openings for doors and Windows in the locker room. Left side and rear shields having evenly spaced struts, are covered entirely. For all the billboards at the height of 2020 mm, stanchions, stuffed the bar for 30X40 mm support beams and ceiling binder ceiling. Side shields mounted on the lower rail; the ends and in the middle sew long nails.

Fig. 3. Cages shields:

a — right side b — front.

Mount the front and rear shields to the ends of the side are three screws (“grouse”) in the tree through the pad. “Grouse” with a diameter of 10-12 mm and a length of 180 mm can be manufactured on a lathe. In the extreme case, secure fastening is performed and the nails the same length. The joints are covered with a Board width of 150 mm with soft padding.

The floor in the steam room and the locker room is laid with boards of 30 mm thick of aspen, rails 30X40 mm, sewn to the lower rail and the joists.

The ceiling is attached to the beams and beams boards thickness of 20 mm in the quarter. Then laid on top of several layers of thick paper, plastic film, at the height of the beams covered with wood shavings that cover the roofing material. Partition bath running boards 20 mm thick (a quarter). Frame are bars on shields and stands, leaning on the floor and ceiling. The roof of the bath shed, covered with slate.

The doors are made of a frame of beams 40X50 mm, on the corners and on the bulkhead tied to the castle. In the middle they drag on birch plywood 4 mm (one quarter), both sides, for casein glue.

Pan shower size 900X900 mm made of steel sheet of thickness 1.5—2 mm. Flanging height 120mm in the corners of the sealed continuous seam. The slope for water drainage is performed by drawing the diagonals from the center. In the center hole Ø 50 mm welded pipe. On both sides the tray is painted in two coats of red lead and attaches to the lower trim nails. It is wooden lattice.

Waste water pipe is 2.5″ (Fig. 1) is conducted outside the structure in a hole the size of 1200X800X600 mm, lined with slate and covered with a plate and layer of earth. These work more comfortable to do before you install the walls of the baths.

Shower walls to a height of human growth covered with waterproofing. The surface of the walls leveled with putty.

After drying, the walls are covered with thick oil paint, which at first in the corners and then the entire surface is applied with overlapping strips of fabric (old sheets, etc.) and rolled by a roller. Coating is performed in two layers (you have to block the junction “wall — pan”). In the same way gender is handled in the locker room. Finally a shower room and dressing room are painted with silver paint (aluminum powder into clear varnish). After five years of operation of this sealing has shown its high reliability.

Shower is equipped with a folding bench, shelves. The walk from the locker room to the shower is closed by a folding curtain.

Oven (Fig. 4) — two-way, with a developed surface heating of the heater and the furnace, isolated from the premises of the bath is welded by a continuous weld of steel sheet of thickness 4 mm.

Fig. 4. Oven:

1 — furnace, 2 — ash, 3 — grate (standard), 4 — door, 5 — chimney, 6 — heater, 7 — heater, 8 — rib, 9 — area 3/4″X1/2″, 10 — tee 3/4″X1/2″X1/2″, 11 — pipe 1/2″, 12 — drawer ash pan, 13 — cover.

The mounting base of the furnace and a protective screen is the brickwork (Fig. 1). Fireplace and chimney removed through the wall in a half-brick outside the steam room. Mate “masonry — stove body is” compacted soft asbestos gasket. The outside chimney is installed on the pipe with a height of 2.5 m. the Three walls of the screen (Fig. 1, POS. 5) of asbestos sheets dimensions mm 1100X500X8 bolted to the corners 40X40 mm, the output of which forms the bottom of the legs. Such a device, but the protection, good function of ventilation by convective flow. The second screen (POS. 14) from a sheet to a height of furnace mounted on the wall (with a gap at the bottom 100 mm).

With a relatively small size oven provides a continuous preparation of water and steam. Depending on the intensity of combustion in the furnace and the amount of spitting water on the stove to get the mode sauna — dry steam with temperatures up to 100° C and above at a relative humidity of 5-6%, or wet steam at a temperature of 60-70° C at a relative humidity of 40% — Russian bath with a broom.

Water treatment

Figure 5 is a diagram of a water treatment. Pressure, stimulating the circulation of water in the heating circuit occurs due to the weight difference of the pillars of cold water in the surge pipe and heated in the lift pipe.

Fig. 5. Diagram of water treatment:

1 — heater, 2 — lifting pipe, 3 — a pot of hot water, 4 — movable tube 5 — mixer, 6 — a tank of cold water, 7, 8, 9 — valves.

Flow preparation system shower water is that the hot water in the mixer is selected not from the tank of heated water, as is usually done, and the lifting pipe (POS. 2). This allows to minimize the time of preparation of shower water, not waiting until all of it is in the tank is heated to a certain temperature.

A pressure tank 120 liters installed on a metal structure from an old pipe, fixed to the right side of the baths, saunas, at the height of 400-500 mm relative to the grid of the mixer. Threaded fittings 1/2″ are welded to the bottom of the tanks in the corners (diagonally). Wiring is made with pipes and fittings 1/2″ on the threads. At installation it is necessary to observe the minimum slope pipe to drain water from the system. The outer and inner surfaces of the tanks primed and painted with oil paint. In a pot of hot water from all sides superimposed thermal insulation from foamed polystyrene with a thickness of 50 mm. the Power of pressure vessels with water depending on local conditions may be made from the water network, from the storage tank pump and, finally, buckets with stand stairs.

In our case, the heating water is produced from solar panels. Device it simple. Thin-walled welded battery, painted with black paint, is placed in the box and tightened with plastic wrap. Hinged box provides two degrees of freedom of movement so that the greater part of the day’s rays fall normally on the surface of the battery. Through the fittings the battery is connected by flexible hoses to a tank of hot water. On a hot Sunny day the water is heated to 70° C; even in the morning stored in the temperature 40-45° C at any time to take a shower.

To use the bath can be in winter conditions. For this scheme, provided the valve (Fig. 5, POS. 8), breaking capacity cold water tank: it is in this case taken from the opposite pipe.

At small negative temperatures of external air it is necessary: to flood the oven, pour in tank water in a bucket, open the door to the steam room and slightly open the valve to hot water faucet (warm-up). A steady circulation water to needs. At lower temperatures the first portion of water heated to 50— 60° C.

For the winter season it is necessary to dehydrate the system: drain hose through the valve (Fig. 5, POS. 9) from the heating circuit; open the valve of the faucet; turn the knob to the lower speed and drain the water from the solar panels.

B. VDOVIN, engineer

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