PNEUMATIC TRANSFORMER | MODEL CONSTRUCTION

Once television was a popular program “you can”, where the craftsmen talked about their designs. Perhaps it first appeared the information about the pneumatic-tired machines. A publication in the journal “modelist-Konstruktor” has prompted many enthusiasts, including our own, Angarskaya (mostly fishermen) to manufacture such machines with their own hands. Pneumatic bribed his external simplicity, which promises a good performance.

In fact, his design proved to be a difficult “nut” to crack who was able probably one.

At first Angara appeared, as a rule,bulky and metal machine, far from technical and aesthetic perfection. These can say, “ugly ducklings” and have not gained valuable qualities of pneumatic, disappointing their creators to complete cooling.

Gradually pneumopathy boom we had, and only a few of the most persistent continued to build and at the very least to exploit their design.

I also was tempted to try their hand at suspension. But, after weighing the possibilities, putting off working on it until better times.

The layout of the suspension:

1 — trunk (on the rear view conventionally not shown); 2 — strut; 3 — brake disc; 4 — the brake cable of the front wheel: 5 — engine (from a motorcycle “Voskhod-ZM”); 6— silencer; 7 — a large intermediate sprocket gear; 8 — frame rear suspension; 9 — way star; 10 — ring; 11—spacer; 12 — podsednik frame of a motorcycle; 13 — spoke (pipe 18×2, 4 PCs per wheel); 14 — rear axle shaft; 15 — passenger footrest (removed); 16 — step driver; 17 — pedal shifter; 18 — brake pedal the rear wheels; 19 — the lever of the brake of the front wheel; 20 — a plug of the front wheel; 21 — beam; 22 — pen plug; 23 — brake drum; 24 — pneumatic (side view is not shown); 25 — longitudinal brace; 26 — cross bandage; 27 — bracket connection brace

Frame fork front wheel:

1 — clip (pipe 42×2); 2 — end cap (sheet s2); 3,6 — jumper (tube 22×2); 4 — brace (pipe 28×2); 5 — bearing sleeve (coarse 32×3); 7—bracket lights (sheet s2); 8 — bolt М10х 1,25; 9 — focusing sheath of the brake cable (motorcycle)

Fork front wheel Assembly:

1 — camera 1200×500; 2 — cross brace (rubber tape 60×10); 3 — the brake drum (from a motorcycle “Voskhod-ZM”); 4— brake; 5 — fork feather (from a motorcycle “Voskhod-ZM”); 6 frame plugs; 7 — headlamp; 8 hub; 9 — wheel; 10 — longitudinal brace (fire hose)

The front wheel hub:

1 — a bolt of fastening of the wheel axle; 2 — wheel; 3 — a right feather of the plug; 4 — a brake drum; 5 — hub; 6 — left feather fork; 7— bearing 60204 (2); 8 — spacer washer (s5); 9 — a bolt M8 (6 PCs.)

Wheel:

1 disc (ST2, sheet s3); 2 – rim (tube 18×2,2 PCs); 3 — hook (d8 rod, 16 pieces); 4 — cradle (pipe 18×2, 8 PCs.)

Rear suspension:

1 — wheel hub left wheel; 2 — brace (pipe 21×2, 2); 3 — bolts M10 (4 PCs); 4 podsiedlik frame of a motorcycle; 5 — spacer (tube 18×2); 6 — way circuit (t = 19,05); 7 — intermediate gear; 8,12 — sided bolt tensioners chain intermediate transmission (M 18×1,5 M 18×1,5 left.); 9 — the intermediate chain of transmission (t= 12,7); 10 — frame rear suspension; 11 — brake cable; 13 — sheath cable; 14,16 — brake levers; 15 — compression spring; 17 — bolt-tensioner running circuit (M18 x 1,5, 2); 18— rear axle shaft

Rear suspension:

1 — left frame spar (tube 32×3); 2 — intermediate shaft gear (steel 20, rod d12); 3 — nut M12x1,5 mounting shaft (2); 4 — coupling frame M 18×1,5 left. (2); 5 — locknut M18 x 1 5 lion. (2); 6 —sided bolt-Cam chain tensioner, intermediate gear (M18 x 1 M18 x 1 and 5,5 left., 2); 7— the lock nuts 18×1,5 (2); 8 — coupling frame M 18×1,5 (2); 9 — spacer frame (tube 32×3, 2); 10 — panel frame (steel, sheet s2); 11 —a crossbar (pipe 32×3); 12 — brake disc; 13 — болтМ8 (6 pieces); 14 — the hub of the intermediate gear with the small sprocket (z = 18, t = of 19.07); 15 — the bearing 204 (2 PCs.); 16,31,39 — seal (felt, 6 PCs); 17,19 — housing seals; 18 — big sprocket intermediate gear (z = 40, t= 12,7); 20 — adjusting Bush (trumpet 24×5,9, L8,5); 21 — adjusting clutch brake cable; 22— the case of adjusting the clutch; 23 sheath of the brake cable; 24 adjusting washer (pipe 24×5,9, I, 3,5); 25 — spacer sleeve; 26 — brake levers (asbolutely cardboard in epoxy glue); 27 — axis brake (bolt M8); 28 — top shelf bracket-brake (steel, sheet 85); 29 — undercarriage sprocket (z = 72, t= 19,05); 30 — rivet (d8, 8); 32 — a parallel key (steel 40, 8x10x100); 33 — brake levers; 34 — tip of the brake cable; 35 — the finger (steel 40, 06); 36,38 — retaining rings (4 PCs); 37,50 — bearings 207 (4 PCs.); 40 — cover seal (2); 41 — a parallel key (steel 40, 8x10x80); 42 — the Circlip (2 PCs); 43 — shaped nut M22x1,5 (2); 44 — rear axle shaft (steel 20); 45 — hub rear wheel (2 PCs); 46 — cups external bearing (2 PCs); 47 — the hub of the driving sprocket; 48 — spacer shaped sleeve'(2); 49—a glass of Central Podshipnik (2 PCs.); 51,53 — locknut M18 x 1 5 left bolt of the tensioner running gear chain; 52 — hub-bracket rear axle (2 PCs.)

The trunk:

1 – crate (rod d7); 2 — rim (sheet s1,8); 3 — wall (sheet s1,8); 4 — eyelet (sheet s4, x4); 5 — a casing running asterisk (sheet s1,8); 6—eye (rod d12), 7 — bottom (sheet s1,8)

After a few years at the urging of one of my friends, a passionate anglers, I built him a suspension. A friend gave me a motorcycle “Voskhod-ZM” with the condition: for the summer season, the suspension should be easily transformed back into a motorcycle. So, on the basis of “Sunrise” and appeared “Losharik”.

This three-wheeled machine terrain models Kah low pressure dimensions 1200×500 mm. It is designed to travel alone or with a passenger. Designed for a maximum load of 180 kg (weight of driver, passengers and cargo in the trunk). The suspension moves well on loose snow to a depth of 450 mm with an average speed of 25 km/h in Spring and autumn air suspension easily overcome zabiegi, not afraid of mud and ice. The traction quality of “Losharik” allow him to pull a sled with a load up to 150 kg.

“Losharik” — an open car. Without problems operated if the air temperature is minus 25 °C. From hypothermia protects the driver warm clothes, and easily removable windscreen and flaps (not shown on drawings).

Forced cooling engine suspension, but there is a possibility of blowing an electric fan DC 12 V connected to the engine generator through the rectifier bridge.

In some disadvantages of the constructive scheme of the air suspension in the right hands — overall a decent machine.

Description of “Losharik” will start with its front fork. Frame plug welded from pipes of different diameter. Clips on the bottom have straps to secure the telescopic shock absorbers from feathers, “Voskhod-ZM”. Inside clips inserted wooden pillars with a length of approximately 80 mm, which further abut the shock absorbers, and outside of the welded plate brackets to install the headlight. In addition, the clamp right holder screwed down to the shell of the brake cable.

Webs and struts of the cage are connected with the supporting pipe frame. These pipes are introduced instead of feathers at the joints of the steering column of the motorcycle. In the upper bridge, they are fixed by nuts, and the lower pinch bolts.

In the ends of the feathers plugs inserted and secured, as on a motorcycle, long axle bolt front wheel hub. The hub itself is a steel pipe with a diameter of 42×2 mm with welded thereto flanges and Cup bearing 60204. To the Central flange bolts M8 attached to the wheel disc and the side — drum from the “Voskhod-ZM” (brake mechanism borrowed from another bike). With the lever on the wheel it is connected by regular cable in the sheath.

All three wheel pneumatic structurally the same. The only difference is that the front is screwed to the hub flange by eight M8 bolts, and the rear attached to their hubs by steel rivets with diameter of 8 mm and reinforced spokes — four on each wheel.

Rims and wheel cradle made of pipe diameter 18×2 mm disks of sheet steel 3 mm thick To reduce the mass in the discs drilled holes with a diameter of 40 mm. per wheel welded on hooks 16 of rod with a diameter of 8 mm.

To them are attached the cross-bandages — cuts of rubber-fabric belts with a width of 60 and a thickness of 10 mm that hold the Pneumatics on the lodgment.

The longitudinal bands are made of canvas fire hose. At the intersection of the cross they “stitched” steel brackets from wire with a diameter of 3 mm. However, the possible exploitation of the air suspension and no tires on the front wheel. If necessary, Pneumatics can be enhanced to put on them doubles of the same cameras cut to a smaller diameter.

Intermediate gearbox and rear axle are mounted on a special U-shaped frame of the rear suspension, welded pipes with diameter 32×3 mm. This frame consists mainly of two side members and cross beams, reinforced top plate. To the frame of the motorcycle it

connected in the same way as regular swingarm rear suspension.

The sliding spars, as they have a device for tensioning the chain of an intermediate transmission. The rear ends of the spars, rolled up gorack way and provided with screw bushes for the rear axle and tension suspension chain. Approximately in the middle in both longitudinal welded landing sleeve to the axis of the intermediate shaft. In addition, the left are brackets for installation of the cable and levers of the brake mechanism of the rear wheels.

The device chain tension intermediate transfer represent the two sided bolt with left and right thread M18 x 1 5 and lock nuts. The tension of the crawler chain is governed by two bolts M18 x 1 5, welded to the main bearing cups of the rear axle.

The hub of the intermediate gear is integral with the small sprocket (z = 18, t= 19,05). To the hub flange with six M8 bolts with countersunk heads attached brake disc 300 mm in diameter and the large sprocket (z = 40, t = 12,7). Pressed into the hub, two bearings 204, which revolve on an axis with a diameter of 12 mm and are lubricated through the grease fitting mounted on the hub between a small sprocket and brake disc. The penetration of dirt outside the insulated bearings felt seals.

The rear-axle design is simple: a long shaft rotates in four bearings 207. The shaft has three keyways under the prismatic dowel hub pairs of wheels and the driving sprocket, and two grooves for snap rings.

To glasses Central bearings in the front welded bolts, while serving a suspension chain tensioners and mounting hardware to the frame of the rear suspension, and rear eyelets to attach boot. Between the hub of the driving sprocket and the inner bearings on the shaft wearing shaped spacers with flanges that hold the glasses felt seals.

The external bearing cups welded eyelets for attaching the lower ends of the tubular struts. The upper ends of the struts are screwed to podselenie through the holes intended for installation of the rear lights and indicators.

The bearings are lubricated “Lito-crowbar-24” once in three years after a partial disassembly of the nodes. Undercarriage sprocket (z = 72, t = 19,05) —from agricultural unit, light weight. To the hub it is attached by rivets 8 mm diameter, pre-heated in the forge.

A brake mechanism of the rear wheels — disc, tick-borne type. Brake levers are installed in the bracket, the shelves of which is welded to the right side rail. To the cheeks of the levers “epoxy” glued the lining of asbalteco cardboard with a high coefficient friction on steel. The cable from the brake pedal passes through a short sheath is placed between the adjusting clutch and front brake lever. Adjusting the clutch is in the housing, screwed to the bracket under the right side rail.

Represented a brake mechanism is quite complicated to manufacture. If possible, it is easier to use a hydraulic actuated disk brake from a motorcycle “IZH-Planeta-5” or “IZH-Jupiter-5-01”. Accordingly, fit the mounting bracket and pedal for drive the brake master cylinder.

The trunk made half a lattice in order to not accumulate snow. The main materials of its construction — a steel rod with a diameter of 7 mm and steel sheet with thickness of 1.8 mm and an Inclined front wall and the bottom are welded together with a box-like casing, which protects the chain from accidental hits her with foreign objects. The trunk is quite durable and tough and allows you to carry not only a decent load. Behind a eye, employee turnbuckles.

The pneumatic trunk attached with bolts M10 in four points: top — podselenie bottom to the eyelet of the Central bearing cups of the rear axle.

All newly manufactured nodes after Stripping edges were painted bright red nitroemali paint to forced movement on roads of General purpose pneumatic visually stood out in the traffic. Then the nodes were installed on the frame of the bike “Voskhod-ZM”, which previously removed all that was not required for the operation of the suspension: fenders, front fork, swingarm rear suspension with dampers, etc. Equipment alteration were not exposed.

And a little bit about safety. Air suspension called the “Losharik” is not accidental: due to spring quilted it with temper. Therefore, I recommended his friend while riding on it to avoid sharp turns and abrupt braking (the first is fraught with rollover, second cliff bands), and the snowy edge and other similar obstacles to overcome with the move, and right angle. The recommendation went in store after my friend “traveled”, “Losharik”, that became for him a truly unique vehicle.

V. PETROV, Krasnoyarsk Krai

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