ASSISTANT FARMER | MODEL CONSTRUCTION

Compact versatile self-propelled machine MOSM-1 — so named his design the young wizards of the circle modeling and the design of agricultural machines Novokosinskaya high school in Dagestan. With various attachments it performs plowing, cultivation, sowing, harrowing, mowing hay and collect the dried grass in rolls and stacks; trucks in the tow truck different loads, and in winter helps to remove snow. From the PTO can be powered and other power tools — circular saw, drill, water pump. Such a wide range of works became possible due to the universal structure that combines advantages of microfracture, tillers and motorised. Details about the structure of the machine says the head of the circle K. M Kurbag.

In the construction of the tillers the most common two-wheeled layout. It provides the machine sufficient stability and good maneuverability. However, for the outdoor area — in the field, on the meadow — three-and four schemes characteristic of microstructural preferred. The driver sits on the machine, manages it with great ease and accuracy, and most importantly, expanding opportunities for more rational installation of the hinged equipment: it can be placed at both the front and rear of the machine.

Figure 1.Universal tillers of ASM-1:

1 — option c two-wheeled mower.2 — a three-wheeled layout.

To combine the advantages of both schemes, we decided the frame of the cultivator to make collapsible. Thus, the power unit with the transmission mounted on a welded steel frame as a conventional two-wheeled tillers, and the front part of the frame with swivel wheel removable. Once assembled, the machine can be used as microtracker, and disconnecting the dash and securing to the brackets of the frame a control handle and as a cultivator.

Took the motor scooter “Vyatka-Electron”. It has a capacity of 7.5 HP , has a built-in three-stage gear box and forced air cooling required for power plants of small machines working, as a rule, in the heavy load and heat modes.

Fig. 2. The device tillers:

1 — fork of the front wheel, 2 — arm lift front attachments. 3 — steering column, 4 — rudder, 5 — clutch lever. 6 — lift arm rear coupler, 7 — frame rack, 8 — seat 9 — shift lever, 10 — lever of the reverse, 11 — casing the engine compartment, 12— the wings wheels 13 — filler neck of a tank 14 — tow the thumb, 15 — frame of the cultivator. 16 — wheels, 17 — rear bracket, 18— engine, 19 — fuel tank, 20 is a transmission sprocket of the output shaft of the engine. 21 — sprocket shaft drive PTO, 22 front bracket, 23 — kick, 24 — step, 25 — brake pedal.

The axle of the drive wheels consists of a gearbox with reverse from a cargo scooter “Ant-TGA” and short axle shafts with u-joints.

Drive wheels with hubs and brakes from a motorized cover and the front from the card with a modified hub. Drum brake wheels with a mechanical drive from the pedals installed on the right side of the front. Torque output sprocket of the engine Z1=11 is transmitted by a chain with a pitch of 12.7 mm on the sprocket gear axle Z2 = 46, and its output of UPOV through the axle shaft with u-joints to the wheel hubs.

The PTO, representing a single node is driven by another chain drive from the sprocket Z3= 30 fixed on the output shaft of the engine near the transmission, a chain with a pitch of 12.7 mm, the driven sprockets of the shaft Z4 = 8.

The frame is welded from steel profile. The preferred use of steel square and rectangular cross sections of the Spinal beam of tillers — of the tube section 40x25x2.5 mm and a length of 1000 mm. Two spar of steel square tube 25X25X2. 5mm are mounted symmetrically on both sides through the transverse pipes. Carved on the ends of the spars to form the grooves of the brackets for connecting the control stick (in the two-wheeled variant), or attachments. The Central cross member pipe of the same diameter that the spinal beam is welded on top of the longitudinal members of the frame. End of its shelves serve as a support for bearings of the hubs of the driving wheels.

Fig. 3. Kinematics of walking tractor:

1 — wheels, 2 — universal joint. 3 — shorter axle shaft. 4— star gear (Z2=46 step 12.7 mm), 5 — a reducer of the leading bridge, 6 engine with gearbox, 7 — transmission sprocket of the output shaft <Z1 = 11, step 12.7 mm), 8 — sprocket drive shaft PTO Zз=30, step 12.7 mm). 9 — PTO shaft, 10 — sprocket shaft (Z4=8, pitch 12,7 mm). 11 — rod, 12— rocking chair 13 — rod movable knife of the mower.

For sill front of the frame of the selected rectangular cross-section tube 45X30X2,5 mm. internal dimensions let you build a rack with power tillers freely put on this beam to the beam of the cultivator.

The steering column housing forms a welded in front of the steel pipe with outer ø 40 mm. Additional rigidity to the connection attached a triangular brace made of steel plate thickness of 8 mm. Swivel shaft — tubes ø 28 mm, in the lower part welded to the fork of the front wheel, bent from a strip of thickness 8 mm. the Upper part of the shaft ends with clamping yoke where you are installing the wheel with the control levers of a motorcycle “Rising”. The stub shaft bearings serve a bronze bushing, but you can use ball bearings from the steering shaft of the motorcycle.

Fig.4.Frame walk-behind:

1 — spinal beam pipe 40X25X2,5 mm, 2 — cross, pipe 25 х10Х2,5 mm (2 PCs.), 3 — longitudinal pipe 25X25X2. 5mm (2 PCs),4 — mounting rail wheels, pipe 40х25 x2,5 mm.

The seat bracket is welded from steel angles 40X40 mm. its Dimensions are selected by growth driver. The Seating position on the bracket can be adjusted in the longitudinal direction. Frame steps bent from inch water pipes. Together with steel foot pads it is welded to the center sill of the front and serves as a support for feet of the driver, a bracket for the brake pedal and safety arcs.

The bracket in the lower part of the housing of the rotary speakers designed for mounting there of the lifting device For the attachment of the tool shown on the front: bulldozer knife, fork. This task copes the lever of a manual brake from the car GAZ-51; it allows the spring latch to lock the lever and connected with it the tool in the raised position

Fig. 5. The front frame:

1— fork swivel wheels 2 — spinal beam pipe 45X30 x2.5 mm, Z — bracket lift lever 4 — steering column 5 — swivel shaft, 6 — wheel, 7 — brace, steel plate of 8 mm thickness, 8— seat bracket, angle 40X40 mm, 9 — seat 10 — arc running boards,11 — base area.

The engine cover is an integral part of wings wheels from steel sheet of thickness 0.5 mm.

To increase the adhesion with the soil while ploughing, deep cultivation and improvement of patency, the wheels are covered lugs. Rim get, turning into a ring of steel strip with a width of 100 mm and connecting the junction of the two bolts. Outside there is it welded or riveted corners 8 X 25 X25 mm. Four of them have a length of 160 mm. Tilting the speakers for the width of the rim part, get the side supports fixing on the grouser wheel.

Control knob for motoblock two-wheeled variant of the welded steel tubes with external ø 22 mm. In this case, they are easy to put on motorcycle clutch lever and turning the handle “gas”. The crossbar is made of pipes of smaller cross section.

The tools made from materials available: steel angles, tubes, rods, sheet metal and assembled using elements of the decommissioned equipment: ploughshare from the plough, the cultivator arms.

For ploughing of small areas walk-behind tractor is equipped with odnodolnym plow stands out of durable lumber with shingles.

A cultivator with a working width of about 800 mm has three removable legs. Having made several sets with different width of the working edge, they are easy to replace — depending on the treated crop.

Frame transport trolley, designed for a payload up to 400 kg metal, welded squares of 50X50 mm. On a common axis mounted two wheels from the map. Body type — wooden, with folding rear Board.

Dozer blade — steel sheets with a thickness of 3-4 mm., its Width is 700 mm, and although the thrust developed by the motor-block with cleats, quite large, it is designed mainly for snow removal.

Forks to collect grass clippings in stacks made of welded to the frame corners and steel rods ø 10 mm.

To gather grass into piles, clean the garden from dry twigs to clean the forest clearings will help tractor rake — harrow. For their load-bearing cross beam you can take a steel pipe d 40 mm, and the teeth are bent into a semicircle of thick steel wire.

R and S. 6. The PTO-driven stretcher:

1 – rod, 2 — finger, 3 — spherical bearing. 4 — the crank wheel 5 — bearing No. 60302, 6 — shaft, 7 — spacer sleeve. 8 — the case. 9 — cover with felt seal. 10 — star 11 — spacer, 12 — housing mounting bracket, pipe 45X30 x2,5 mm. 13 — the rack 14 — rocker 15 — bracket 16 — rod rolling knife. 17 — guide. 18 — movable knife of the mower.

A PTO shaft to drive the power tool is made in the form of individual removable node. His chiseled steel housing on two bearings No. 302 (60302 better— they have a protective washer) the shaft. At one end is attached to the driven sprocket and the other driving flange or wheel for the crank connecting rod mower. The housing is welded to the bracket of a section of a pipe 45X30X2,5 mm, by which the entire Assembly is put on the spinal beam frame. The place of fastening the through-bolt is specified by the length of the drive chain.

In our machine the PTO shaft is mainly used for the drive of the mower, so both mechanisms are combined in one unit. Front mower — cut channel No. 12 is connected to the bracket bolts to the PTO shaft. And its lower part is installed the working parts of the mower is stationary, and above it, in plate rails — agile. Width — 1000 mm. the Movable knife is driven by a rod from rocking, the axis of which is fixed to the strut bracket. The conversion of rotation of the PTO shaft in the reciprocating stroke is the crank gear.

Set the mower on the frame can be in any layout of the machine. On three wheels well to mow an open field, meadow, and, taking off the front and securing at the rear frame brackets of the control knob, it is convenient to work in the garden between the trees and on the forest clearing. A small support wheel under the beam will help to sustain the height of the slice.

The design of the walk-behind provides the following options for mounting a working tool. The front frame brackets are used to connect the dozer blade, and forks. Rear — when a two — wheeled layout for the control sticks, while three-Wheeler — for the cultivator, harrows, tractor rake. The truck hooking it with the finger to the center sill of the frame. And for plowing on the two-wheeled walk-behind plow is secured by a clip of the “ladder” directly to the beam, with the longer part of the working edge toward the engine. Since the rear axle has reverse, tillers can work, and moving in the opposite direction.

The levers of power plant equipment and accessories arranged in front of the vehicle near the driver’s seat. There are levers of the gear box, reverse the bridge and lifting the hinged rear of the equipment. On the right is fixed footrest brake pedal, and the wheel clutch lever and hand grip throttle of the carburetor. Start the engine by kickstarter, the lever is removed.

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