METABOLOMIC GARDENER

To the earth-the wet nurse turn now your eyes many. However, having obtained their allotments, others face a problem: what is his handle? Without reliable metopomancy virgin will not raise, but most of the ability to purchase or self-production — more than modest.
All of these conditions were considered members of the Ishim station of young technicians who have designed and constructed a simple tiller. It is simple and therefore, reliable kinematics. The power unit of the cultivator is relatively cheap and common monovelocity the motor D8. This single cylinder two-stroke carbureted engine with crank-chamber scavenging. In order to tailor the engine for a tiller, had to perform a small, but proved a very valuable improvement.

In particular, rather just the replacement of air cooling of a liquid: to cylinder of the engine machined to the exhaust pipe with cooling fins is attached a suitable size capacity — the two-litre tin. From above into the gap between the cylinder and capacity of the inserted stop splattering of water, which successfully serves as a wire “thread waste” — in the hardware stores this is sold as a metal sponge for washing dishes. Cooling system evaporative type: until all water from the jar doesn’t boil away, the temperature of the cylinder will not rise above 100°C. it is only Necessary to refill the water, and to be concerned about the engine overheating is not necessary.

A significant problem with this cooling system becomes a reliable work of ignition, in particular candles. After all, the staff in such circumstances will not work. You need to install a new waterproof, shielded. Best suited here is spark plug from the engine of car ZIL-131.

Engine start D8 on the tiller is the same as, for example, the chainsaw. By pulling the arm is driven by a special cable, geared for the flywheel and wound on its pulley. The flywheel (and with it the crankshaft) spins up and the engine starts.

Tiller on the basis of the D8 engine with a volume cutter:

1 — engine; 2 — capacity evaporator cooling system; 3 — air intake of the carb with the air filter; 4 — handle throttle control of the carburettor (on right arm); 5 — lever clutch engine (on left arm); 6 — control knob tiller; 7 — fuel tank 8 — the first step of the chain reducer; 9 — the second stage chain gear; 10 — damper; 11 —volume mill-Hiller; 12 — working shaft

The engine speed is governed by the grip throttle and also the choke of the air intake. Last handed down from the carb up to the fuel tank with a rubber hose. The fact that during normal location of the inlet filter it is almost impossible to protect against excessively rapid clogging during operation of the cutter-Hiller.

Transmission tiller is a two-stage chain gear. Two sprocket gear having 10 teeth, — engine D6. As sprocket z = 48 is applied the drive sprocket from the Bicycle the “Ural” and on the working shaft, the sprocket driven rear wheel of a moped “Verhovina”. They are all designed to work in conjunction with the drive roller roller chain PR-a 12.7.

The tiller uses reinforced chain also with a pitch of 12.7 mm from a motorcycle “Rising”. The two stage reducer made in private. It provides safety requirements during operation of the unit, virtually eliminates the possibility of getting into the compartments with chain transmission of dust and dirt, and also greatly simplified the whole design, while increasing its stiffness. After all, as the main bearing element in the tiller performs strong and rigid body of the second stage chain reducer, welded from sheet steel 3 mm thick. It is relatively small, with fairly thick walls, which gives it increased strength. Moreover, the deployment of components and parts is such that does not weaken, but strengthens the entire structure.

The kinematic diagram of the tiller:

1 — engine type D8 (power of 1.1 HP, the engine speed is 4500 rpm./min); 2 — output engine sprocket z = 10); 3 — large intermediate shaft sprocket (z = 48); 4 — an asterisk of the working shaft (z = 37); 5 — mill-Hiller; 6 — small intermediate shaft sprocket (z = 10)

The upper part of the housing is closed by a lid made of sheet steel, 3 mm thick While the mounting bolts are fixed in the four M6 welded at the corners of the nests. It should be noted that the cover greatly facilitates the Assembly of the intermediate shaft, it is convenient to fill oil and to monitor the degree of tension of the chain. The tension pulley is at the top of the housing and is mounted on the right side. It is arranged simply and not shown.

In the middle part of the housing is welded to two scarves universal bracket for engine and fuel tank. The gussets between the housing and the bracket drilled hole of 10 mm diameter for mounting of the control the tiller. The bracket is made of steel pipe. The radius of curvature on the engine.

At the bottom of the housing the features. In front of the direction of Assembly the two M6 bolts privertyvaetsja closing the square hole of the semicircular cap, intended to facilitate the Assembly of the gearbox (mounting Assembly of the working shaft), as well as its repair or replacement of worn parts. For these purposes it is a round hole located on the right in the direction of motion. It closes with a flange, on which the same is mounted the bearing Assembly. On the opposite side of the gear is fixed the second bearing Assembly and a working shaft. To achieve sealing of the bottom of the transmission housing, you need to install compacted tive strip (on the drawing conventionally not shown).

Device other parts and assemblies are adequately shown on the drawings. It should be noted that shafts made from blanks obtained during the dismantling of the old motors. However, as pins, bolts and other fastener elements. Snap rings cut from steel pipe of the appropriate assortment. In this case the determining factor was not the outer, and the inner diameter of the pipe and the thickness of its walls.

The housing of the second stage chain gear:

1 — bracket under the tank; 2 — bracket under the engine (steel pipe 30×3, the radius of curvature on the engine); 3 — solitaire (2 PCs); 4, a semicircular cover; 5 — the box-shaped housing; 6 — slip flange; 7 — upper cover (STZ); material parts 3,4,5,6 and 7 — St.S, sheet thickness 3 mm
 

Intermediate shaft Assembly:

1 — sprocket (z = 48); 2 — hub; 3 — bolt M8 with nuts (6 PCs); 4 — prismatic pins; 5 — nut M14; 6 — intermediate shaft; 7 — the screw of M5; 8 — thrust ring; 9 — the case of the left bearing unit; 10 — the case right bearing Assembly; 11 — sprocket (z = 10); 12 — bearings 60502; 13 — bolts with nuts M8 (4 PCs); 14 — of the housing wall of the second stage of the transmission

The working shaft Assembly:

1 — work item cutters (8 PCs); 2 — locking screw (M8, 2); 3 — hub of the cutter (2 PCs); 4 — working shaft; 5 — prismatic dowel (2pcs); 6 — housing bearing unit (2); 7 — flange; 8 — the star (z = 37); 9 — the lower part of the housing of the second stage reducer; 10 — bearings 160504; 11—thrust washer; 12 — M6 bolts with nuts; 13 bolts M8 nuts (16 PCs.)

Malogruzovaja on the basis of the tiller:

1 — tiller; 2 — drive wheel (mounted on the working shaft instead of cutters); 3 — horizontal and vertical hinges; 4 — seat; 5 — body (going from plywood 10 mm thick and dural corners); 6 — rear wheels; 7 — frame (A-frame of steel pipes)

Intermediate and working shafts are mounted on ball radial single-row bearings with seals (GOST 8882-75). Housing ready for them picked up from discarded machinery. From discarded farm machinery and a borrowed hub work items for the cutter. Of course, you can make them yourself, in accordance with the drawings, which shows all the necessary dimensions.

The cutter itself is slightly different from those used on serial cultivators. It is not as bulky and is easily achievable in the home workshop. It consists of two identical nodes attached to the ends of the working shaft, offset relative to each other along the axis by 45°. Each of these nodes is collected from a conventional sleeve-hub, flange to which are attached four a kind of “MicroType”. Their cutting part is a razor-sharp segments from a familiar Reaper SNR-f-1, welded to the rack at an angle of 110°.

If such segments under the you don’t have doesn’t matter. Share of steel sheet (for example, L-80) can be made independently. After hardening, they did not give the factory.

Control knob tiller are bent and welded from steel tubes with an external diameter of 22 mm. For pipe of that diameter easy to put on motorcycle clutch lever and turning the handle “gas”. Control cables coming from them directly to the clutch lever and throttle of the carburetor of the engine. The opposite ends of the pipe flattened and drilled holes of 10 mm diameter for mounting to the tiller in place, where the scarves have a response hole between the transmission housing and mounting bracket, as mentioned previously. Control arms are interconnected by welded to the crosspiece. From the bridge goes down, the brace is firmly clamped one of the bolts securing the bearing Assembly on the intermediate shaft.

Of course, it is best to collect at once a universal unit that allows not only to thoroughly loosen the earth, to work successfully in weeding, hilling and digging, but also transport cargo. To make the tiller notebookservice is not so difficult. It is only necessary to weld to the back of the gear casing detachable hinge, put the shaft of the cutter is on wheels and trailers equipped with brake trolley. A variant of this modernization — one of the drawings.