It all started with the magazine “modelist-Konstruktor”, which our family subscribed since 1967. Alexander became interested in engineering work, being a 14 year old kid. First, we built a simple sled, equipping a Bicycle frame with engine from a chainsaw “Ural”, a propeller and skis. After some time collected from parts sport bike. The next development was the double all-terrain vehicle on low pressure tires with an engine from a motorcycle “IZH-Jupiter”, which was operated year-round for several years.
After service in the army of Alexander design ideas acquired a more pragmatic direction. Together with his father he built microtracker with engine PD-10. At the same time designed and manufactured a cultivator-Hiller engine from a chainsaw “Ural”. In this way acquire experience and knowledge necessary to create more powerful and complex machines, which he did literally EA. Today it has become almost the only means of his livelihood.
The Layout Of The “Siberian”:
1 — engine; 2 — dividing wall; 3,4 — pedal control; 5 — levers,gear shift and handbrake; 6 — seat; 7 — hatch ventilation; 8 — levers of the hydraulic actuators; 9 — valve; 10 — body-dump trucks; 11 — frame rear; 12 of the front frame; 13 — tank (fuel tank right); 14 — box of the transfer; 15, 30, 33 — section propeller shaft; 16 — transmission; 17, 29 — bridges with main transmissions and differentials; 18 — the air filter; 19 — cylinders dozer blade; 20 — hydraulic pump gear; 21 —fuel pump; 22 — blower; 23 — generator; 24 — hydraulic steering; 25 — filling neck; 26 — brake Parking; 27 — hydraulic cylinder drive coupling and lift the body; 28 — trailer Board (STZ, strip the G20); 31 — the case of the hinge Assembly rear half frames; 32 — power building of the Central hinge Assembly; 34 — column steering; 35th battery; 36 — protection of engine (STZ, sheet s5); 37 — shaft swivel hitch; 38 — rocking chair (STZ, sheet s20, 2 units); 39 — the earring body (STZ, sheet s20, 2 pieces); 40 — rod coupling (STZ, sheet s20, 2); 41 is a hook lift trailer Board (STZ, sheet s20, 2 PCs.).
Scheme of transmission:
1 — the air-cooled engine D-21А1 with generator, pump and fan; 2, 8 — the main gears and differentials of the bridges of the Cam I=6,83); 3, 9, 10 — section propeller shafts; 4 — box two-speed transfer case (gear ratio: і1 = 1,982,і2= 1,0); 5 – seal; 6 — Parking brake drum. 7 — the tire and wheel 320×457 (12,00×18); 11 — transmission of starchikova (gear ratios: і1 =6,55, і2= 3,09, і3= 1,71, і4=1,0 reverse — I=7,77). 12 — PTO shaft; 13 is the clutch.
The frame of the tractor:
1 — bumper (STZ, channel 80×80); 2 — eye the engine mounts (STZ, sheet s20): 3 — spar perechni articulated; 4 — bracket steering cylinder (STZ, sheet s20); 5 — eyelet hitch mower (St3, sheet s20); 6 — fastening front cabin (2 PCs); 7 — building of the Central hinge Assembly (STZ, sheet s20). 8 — mounting bracket hidrocilindru of body lift and hitch (STZ, sheet s20); 9 — longitudinal rear half-frames: 10 — fixing unit body (STZ, sheet s20), 11 — plate of the binder; 12 — the case of sharnirnogo node (steel 20, steel 150×10); IZ — beam of fastening of a distributing box and floor of the cabin (GAZ-66); 14 — mounting bracket transfer box (GAZ-66); 15 — node hinge of the blade; 16 — transverse beam (STZ, pipe 80x80x6): 17 — eye keppenne cylinder blade (STZ, sheet s20); 18 — front (steel 20, steel channel 100×46); 19 — crossbar.
Central hinge joint:
1 — bearing 60212; 2— stud M10 (6pcs): 3, 10 thrust ring (steel 45, s2). 4 — a bolt; 5 — cuff (regular node); 6 — ring spring; 7 — cuff (1-115×145); 8 — ear earphones (bronze): 9 — spacer; 11 — nut resistant; 12 — bearing 8212; 13 — nut retaining bracket; 14 — special case; 15 — the case of the Central ball-hinge Assembly; 16 — ring; 17 — a shaft driven; 18 — ball case; 19 — shaft; 20, 26 of the bearing housings (steel 45). 21 — flange (cram. 45) 22— nut M32; 23 bolts M5 (6 pieces); 24 tapered bearing (regular); 25 — a cover of the bearing 27 and seal ring (rubber); 28 cuff (1—85х110); 29 — steering cylinder.
Hiller:
1 — wheel bearing 280×140 (agricultural machine); 2 — plug (STZ, strip 40×8); Z, 11 — mounting plugs (agricultural machine): 4 — panoramka (/agricultural machines); 5 — eyelet for attaching a target rod (STZ, strip 40×8); 6 — blade (STZ, strip 50×20); 7 — mounting bracket upper pull rod (STZ, area 50×50, 2); 8 — holder blade (from the s/s machine); 9 — bolt M16 locking; 10 — beam cross 70×40 (area 70×70); 12 — shield blade (STZ, sheet s); 13 — undercut (STZ, sheet s); 14 — thrust lower (STZ, rod Ø30); 15 — spacer (STZ, rod 010); 16 — thrust upper (STZ, rod Ø30); 17 — bracket (STZ, strip 25×4).
The most difficult thing was assembling the engine. Found in a landfill decommissioned unit from the tractor T-25 vladimirets. Missing good units for him were acquired in the neighboring collective farms and state farms, faulty repaired.
The basis of the tractor — breakable frame, as in “Kirovtsa”. It is welded from square tube 80×80 mm with a wall thickness of 6 mm and consists of two half-frames connected pivotally. This design has several advantages: provides a uniform load on the wheel, therefore increasing permeability; reduces the stresses arising from bending and torsional moments; improves manoeuvrability, especially when driving off-road and rough terrain. On the frame with rigidly secured stirrups shortened by 200 mm bridges (back from GAZ-66), providing the all-wheel drive. The front frame is installed; the engine, transmission, transfer case, electronic units(ro and hydraulic systems, cab with controls and control devices, fuel tanks and hydrogelogy. The rear frame — welded body-dump truck, hydraulic body, Parking brake and movable in a vertical plane tow hitch, kinematically associated with the body. If necessary, disconnect the sulphur and it can move independently from the body. This design allows you to adjust the depth of plowing, hilling, facilitates the towed and towing operations, maintenance. Provides hydraulics; brake system on all wheels, a steering system of a machine control dozer blade, mower and rake Machine is equipped with an electric starting system, alarm and headlight finder
Sibiryak is equipped with components and systems of the GAZ-66, although you can use equipment from each of their cars Four-speed transmission provides speed in the range of 2.5 to 50 km/h and when reversing. There is a PTO (fixed to the clutch housing studs) and a single plate dry friction clutch.
On the transverse beam poradna half frames mounted transfer box, which distributes torque between drive axles and can it increase. It also serves to drive the mounted equipment. Drive shafts (from the same GAZ-66, but cropped) provide the transmission of torque from the transfer box to the main reducers
The most interesting of the Central hinge joint. It consists of a casing that is back the time of day kolorami. the CV joint (constant velocity joint) transmits torque to the rear axle and the ball housing, hinged and power ball Shank is inserted in its special housing the rear half-frames, and has the ability to turn it when changing the mutual arrangement of the half-frames.
A special case is associated with the rear polurama two 20 mm plates. Power housing, welded from sheets with a thickness of 20 mm. receives the load acting on the machine in a vertical plane while the ball-bearing, mounted in the conical bearings of the casing, serves to pivot half-frames relative to Drut each other in the horizontal plane. Is this movement paparata a hydraulic cylinder installed between the front polurama and bracket the ball joint.
The basis for the Central! on site steel details PT knuckle front wheel of the ZIL-131. identical design as the GAZ-66, but different sizes. The shank of the ball housing and the axle shafts of the driving and driven shafts universal joint subjected to revision. Bearings in the axial hinge are bronze bushings, and traction (longitudinal) efforts are perceived thrust ball bearing Cavities of the joints are sealed by seals and Packed with grease
In the forward portion of the front floor frame is bolted an angle of 15° to the plane of the half-frames are installed in plan trapezoidal bumper, which serves both for fastening the protection of the engine and the hood.
Two-door double cab is welded from steel angles 25×25 and sheet metal. Behind it is attached to the articulated uprights and the front to a transverse partition, adopted behind the engine. The wings are made of 2 mm iron welded to the rear body, the front are fixed by bolts to the bulkhead and frame. The cabin floor is placed on the cross beam mounting the transfer case. The cabin is equipped with seats with adjustable in the range of 10° backs. The position of the chairs can also be customized to suit the height of driver and passenger. Under seat mounted Fuel tanks and hydrogelogy. The cockpit is heat-treated glass with rubber seals. As in Siberia in summer it gets quite hot on the roof there is a ventilation hatch. Outside of the back wall is fixed to the hydraulic distributor control the power cylinder.
From the regular management system GAZ-66 is only left the power steering, the mechanical element when the water is absent. From the steering wheel control the force through the steering column is transmitted to the mechanism vozdeistvuya on the control valve spool, which, in turn, directs fluid from the common hydraulic system in one or another cavity of the power steering cylinder. The system operates only at the working guitalele providing a drive of the hydraulic pump.
MAIN TECHNICAL DATA OF TRACTOR
SIBIRYAK
Weight, kg:
dry……………… 1300
full 2300
towed
trailer……… 1500
Maximum
speed km/h……..
Minimum
turning radius, m ….. 4,5
Engine. . diesel D-21А1
Power, HP . ……. 25
Cooling……air
Fuel tank capacity, l.. 40
The service brake system has four brakes (on all wheels) and hydraulic drive. The pressure in the main brake cylinder is created by pressing a pedal. Brakes — drum, drum. Chojnacky brake is also drum with mechanical drive, installed in the transmission rear axle.
Electrical system (12 V) provides a starter to start the engine from the key and nourishes spotlight-seeker, audio signal control devices. It consists of generator, battery, starter, relay-regulator and starter switch.
Of control devices on the panel of the driver there are signs of fuel quantity, oil pressure in the engine and draining the battery.
“Siberian” brother built attachments and equipment: 2-share plough, 3-share mouldboard, rake, mower, dozer blade, harrow, bodywork and trailer with capacity up to 1.5 t Machine and all units showed a high operational reliability and efficiency for ten years. I will cite some figures, which characterize its performance: haymaking — 1 ha/h raking — 1.5 ha/h, plowing — 0,2 ha/h, hilling — 0.25 ha/h.
Hiller, for example, is a trailed unit with three dumps, which consist of two symmetrically arranged tines, welded together at the leading edge. Each blade is welded to the rack and additionally recorded clips. Stands inserted into the molded holders are placed on the transverse beam. The design of the holders allows you to adjust the position of the piles the height depending on the processing conditions of the soil. Wheels can also be put to the desired height and width.
Hiller connected with tractor by three rods. The bottom two are connected to the tow Board, and the upper one to the lever shaft coupling (earring in this case detaches from the body) and through it to the hydraulic cylinder, which allows to control the mechanism in the process of hilling or while maneuvering on the field. The tabs on the ends of cross beam designed for mounting vertical target rods that help control the depth hilling directly from the cabin.
Using dozer to uproot stumps with diameter up to 30 cm Truck easily tows a log in diameter up to 60 cm.
Here I gave only a brief description of the “Siberian”, but the idea of it and its capabilities can be anyone who would be interested in an original vehicle.
NIKONOV
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Offer readers acquainted with the original design of universal self-propelled tools, built by my brother Alexander. As he says (jokingly, of course), the idea of such a machine came to him out of laziness. Very much wanted all his life to do the heavy unproductive jobs, because, unfortunately, the village was not uncommon, when the peasant is forced to use antiquated agricultural tools.