ELECTROCUTING TO BE!

ELECTROCUTING TO BE!Numerous experiments to create a map with the electric drive until now led to the emergence of machines, its high-speed qualities can become a training, not racing. After analyzing design flaws, we tried to create electrocat (Fig. 1). able to become a competitor to the traditional internal combustion engine.

 
Advantages of electrocuting obvious, but it makes sense to revisit them. Traditional kart racing is a seasonal sport, the transition of racing cars to electric will make it year-round, independent of weather and time of year. Organization of competitions on some of the micro cars in covered areas will allow to cultivate this interesting sport in the Northern regions of our country, and the race in the presence of numerous spectators will make this sport even more popular.
 
To create a racing electric chart was necessary in one design to provide the performance of a number of rather stringent requirements. Among them the most energoemki of batteries and a motor with maximum efficiency. Hard was the solution to the problem of optimal matching of engine performance with the capabilities of batteries and the road conditions.
 
Here is a small comparative analysis used in electrobath engines. The car “HADI-Elektro” (“M-K”, 1977, No. 10) applied motor type D-2500 serial excitation. Its capacity of 2.5 kW at a nominal rotor speed of 1800 Rev/min supply Voltage — 24 V consumption current — up to 400 A. the engine weighs 11.5 kg. Cards equipped with this engine and dvenadtsatiperstnoi battery, speeds up to 20 km/h.
Somewhat different are the characteristics of the machine, experimental laboratory of micro cars of the Kursk Palace of pioneers and schoolchildren. Drive this map — motor type CT-8 (motor starter) series excitation. Its power — 0,98 kW, rotation frequency — 1500 rpm voltage — 12 V. the Average supply current is about 100 A. the Engine has been modified — replaced the bearings, increasing the reliability of the brush mechanism, introduced mechanical ventilation.

 
Fig. 1. The layout of the electric chart
 
Fig. 1. The layout of the electric chart:
 
1 — sprocket driven rear axle, 2 — circuit, 3 — rear axle, 4 — Executive braking mechanism, 5 — brake disc, 6 — battery, 7 — brake master cylinder 8 — clutch pedal, 9 — brake pedal 10 to the accelerator pedal, 11 — handle shifter, 12 — motor, 13 — double row chain, 14 transmission.

 
Fig. 2. The main nodes of the electric chart
 
Fig. 2. The main nodes of the electric chart:
 
1 — brake disc, 2 — battery, 3 — motor control, 4 — four-speed transmission, 5 — clutch, 6 — double row roller chain, 7 — motor, 8 — motor, 9 — speed selector lever 10 accelerator pedal, 11 brake pedal 12, the clutch pedal 13 brake master cylinder

 
On our map the installed motor type MU-1000. This is a reversible motor with a serial excitation. He is able to work in long mode at a voltage of 18 V and a short-re — at a supply voltage of 24 V. Power — 1700 watts (about 2.3 HP) at the rotating speed 6000 Rev/min, the Average current consumption and the nominal operation mode 35 A at 24 V. the engine weighs 5.2 kg.
 
Power source — alkaline silver-zinc battery, assembled from elements of the CCS-45. The characteristics of each of the following battery: the electromotive force normally charged battery — 1.85 V, after removing 30% capacity it drops to 1.55 V, after which the rated capacity at five-hour discharge mode is 45. Continuous discharge current up to 753 A. figure 3 shows a graph of the dependence of battery capacity on the magnitude of the discharge current.
We connect in series 15 “cans” CCS-45 and was thus the battery weight about 15 kg overall dimensions mm. 432X129 the engine run time with this battery at nominal discharge current of 135 And is 15 min.

 
The battery is mounted on the frame of steel area 20×20 mm, mounted behind the seat card. The motor is fixed on the frame map of the right of the driver with a steel bracket.
 
One of the main features of the machine is the use of the four-speed transmission. The relationship between it and the engine and between the frame and the rear axle using roller chain with a pitch of 12,7 mm. This construction of the kinematic connection of the motor — wheel allows you to choose the most advantageous transmission ratio PA all driving modes, that is, is an opportunity to align the nominal torque on the shaft and a nominal speed. This is a necessary condition of the motor with maximum efficiency under load, depending on the features of a racing track, weight of the driver, the map, as well as the diameter of the rear wheels. The gear ratio of the gearbox and also the selection of the driving and driven sprockets is carried out experimentally in the process of passing a measuring machine area — for example, od “wow lap race distance.
 
Fig. 3. The graph of battery capacity from discharge current at full load.
 
Fig. 3. The graph of battery capacity from discharge current at full load.
 
Fig. 4. Flow diagram map.
 
Fig. 4. Flow diagram map.
 
Figure 4 shows the circuit card. The engine it turns on remotely by the contactor KM-200LED. Straining the coil is supplied with the circuit buttons associated with the throttle. Contactor the kind works reliably and at a lower voltage battery (up to 19 In) at the time of maximum current consumption of the motor. Rate electric chart are regulated by periodic turning on and off of the engine. The scheme provides and the use of reverse — reverse the engine. The reverse lever installed on the steering column.
 
Currently electrocast passes the road test. Already the first estimations showed that our design ideas are mostly implemented in this fast and silent machine. The speed of the map reaches 40 km/h and the battery charge is enough for the passage of a standard race distance.
 
A. LASTOVKIN, engineer

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