Over time (it was already in the 1970-ies) and poluchilos. Not only the plane and the car made brothers. Then have to do a second similar machine. But now, the functions were separated. Yuri is engaged directly in production (it is better to work, because I was more persistent in achieving goals, more careful work), Stanislav — material support — it had been more opportunities.
The desire to have a car my brother Stanislav was huge. But at the time (late 1960-ies) to ordinary people, to get that, in addition to the considerable sums of money, had many more years to stand in line. When we heard rumors that some people make cars with their hands, we also decided — do it!
Tinkering learned in childhood, and with the technique, too, was, you might say, “you”, at least the structure of the car knew it was good — brother was already a pilot of civil aviation, I worked as a driver. But in practice it turned out: know the car and build it, as they say — two big differences. Even to determine the type intended by the machine manufacturer was not easy. My brother began to look for homebrew to consult, learn from the experience. We were lucky. We met twin brothers Anatoly and Vladimir Sherbinina, artists by profession and the excellent designers by vocation. By the time they’ve done car with a fiberglass body, the form of which me and my brother very much. But Sherbinina suggested for us to design another machine and did it.
Under wargowski the power unit and transmission Sherbinina modified the sketches of the machine, adjusted the sizes. Rama helped us to calculate and design professionals — experts from the Moscow plant of small cars.
Frame selected spatial, peripheral type (extended in the middle part). But in the horizontal and vertical planes are focused (bent) only spars, both front. and back. It was necessary to lower the center of gravity of the machine and its overall height. As a result of road clearance (clearance) turned out to be the same as the “Lada” and the overall height of the car even by 146 mm smaller.
“YUNA” in the original version (schema)
Econometrica “sisters”
Frame:
1 — front gravers (pipe 1 1/2″); 2 — front spar (from GAZ-24, modified, 2); 3 — side jumper (tube 60×30, 2); 4th — threshold (100×60 steel, 2pcs); 5 — transverse reinforcement for floor panel (tube 60×30, 2); 6 — jumper (tube 35×25); 7 — longitudinal reinforcement for floor panel (tube 60×30, 2); 8 — average cross member (tube 1 1/2″); 9, the Central beam (tube 60×30); 10 — rear bulkhead (welded profile. 2); 11 — rear (pipe I 1/2″): 12 — rear beam (channel number 10)
The chassis of the machine (POS. 2,3,5,6,7,8,9,10,12.13 — from GAZ-24):
1 — steering wheel (sport); 2 — pedal control; 3 — wheel (4 PCs of 4 — battery; 5 – radiator; 6 — engine; 7 – front axle; 8 — power steering a-line; 9 – a basket of coupling; 10 —a gear shift; 11 — frame; 12 —propeller shaft. 13 —rear axle; 14 — silencer (fire extinguisher); 15 — gas tank (hand-made from carbon fabric)
The hood of the car was made as one piece with the front parts of the wings, and during opening freed access not only to the powertrain, but also to the nodes of the front suspension
As a result of alterations purely athletic body type was transformed into a more relaxed tourist, but design style is preserved and the car remained recognizable
The scheme of a spatial power frame fiberglass body:
1 — the rear edge of the front fender (tube 25×25, 2); 2 — gusset plate (steel, sheet s4. 2); 3 — bearing-front (steel, sheet s4. 2); 4 – front (tube 60×30, 2); 5 — thrust bearing b-pillar (steel, sheet s4,2); 6 — middle strut (tube 35×25,4 pieces): 7 connection b-pillars (pipe 20×20, 2); 8 — seat rear rack (steel, sheet s4, 2); 9 rear strut (tube 60×30, 2); 10 —the lower window cross member (area 50×50); 11 —window front (tube 35×25, 2); 12 of the upper window cross member (tube 35×25); 13 — longitudinal jumper (tube 25×25, 2); 14 — roof beam (pipe 1″, 2 PCs.); 15 —cross jumper (tube 25×25. 2); 16 rib top rack (tube 25×25,2); 17 — the edge of the rear fender (tube 25×25, 2); 18 — crossbar trunk
The layout of the car “YUNA” (POS.9,10,11,12,13,14,15,17,24 from GAZ-24):
1—turn signal light (2 PCs ); 2 – grille (2 CC.); 3 — fog light (2 PCs); 4— panel lights (2 PCs); 5 —the block of headlights and driving lights (from the VAZ-2106, 2); 6 — turn signal (2 pieces); 7.; 8 — battery; 9—rear axle; 10 — wheel (4 PCs); 11-cooler; 12—electronic unit; 13 – a tank of the windshield; 14 — air filter; engine 15; 16 — hood with the front parts of the wings; 17 — wiper; 18 — rear view mirror (2 PCs); 19 — rear seat; 20 —front seat (2 PCs); 21 body; 22 — trunk lid; 23 door (2 PCs); 24 — rear axle; 25 — fuel tank 26, the hatch of the neck of the fuel tank; 27 — rear bumper
Decorative top stand attached the rear view of the hatchback, although it is made as the classic sedan
Panoramic side mirrors are now with elecrophoresis and servo position adjustment, located in big fairings. The glare of headlights — retractable
The geometric scheme of the new car version of YUNA
The rear seats are small but comfortable, is laminated together with the back as one piece and glued on the foam with a fabric cover
Place under the hood volgovskoe 402 th engine was replaced by a six-cylinder, in-line, 2.8-liter engine from BMW 528-th model
Scheme servoelectric flaps headlamp:
1 — a headlight; 2-hood; Over — protective flap in the closed position; 3b protective flap in the open position; 4 is the axis of rotation of the flap; 5 – lever; 6 — thrust; 7 — motor
Remote disk to install the new cast wheels with a small departure of the spokes
Updated instrument panel with extended console for radio equipment. Steering wheel — with a large button of a sound signal
The trunk is roomy, and what should be in a tourist car
Longitudinal front used GAZ-24 “Volga”, but their front ends are more extended. The rear side members and sills are made of welded steel channels in the part box section, wherein the threshold is simple, direct, and spars have a rather complex shaped form — got it, welding each of the spar segments. To improve resistance to frame twisting elements of its cross — traverses are made of round red ring of tubes. The other binding parts are made from steel pipes of rectangular section.
Thus, the machine frame is a little different from the power set of the bottom of an ordinary passenger car with a monocoque body, only its elements are connected not through the floor, and supporting details: lintels, brackets, amplifiers.
Frame welded in his “workshop” — the basement of the house, destined for demolition. Then she was taken and raised to the seventh floor, in the workshop to Sherbinina. There skidded wheels, axles, suspension (GAZ-24) and assembled chassis.
Brothers Sherbinina started to develop a full-size mockup of the body. It took another year. But, as time has shown, such a long and difficult search forms were not in vain — made subsequently, the car remained contemporary for over two decades. And while this model was highly appreciated and other homebrew, it was done five cars, including brothers Sherbinina. And this is a series, albeit small for industrial production, but significant for self-production.
On external surfaces of the master model (model) made of fiberglass matrix into individual elements of the body. Matrix reinforced with sheets of hardboard (wood-fiber plates). Small voids between the fiberglass matrix and plates were sealed hardboard pre-sculpted clay. The matrix was strengthened by a frame of wooden bars.
Then started to vitlake the body of the car. Material for him, as for the matrix, was a glass fiber epoxy resin. The thickness of the walls of the body — from 3 to 6 mm.
In the middle of the frame from the threshold to the threshold of the floor has a thickness of about 5 mm with a convex tunnel under the gearbox and drivetrain, laminated of fiberglass epoxy binder ED-5. The boot floor also laminated of fiberglass and laid on the rear spars, a bit thinner than about 4 mm.
After the manufacture of the fiberglass shell body to enhance it inside the frame has been set, welded steel pipe rectangular (35×25 mm) and square (25×25 mm) section. Only the longitudinal roof beam from the half-inch pipe. Frame elements were glued to the body panels by strips of fiberglass on epoxy glue.
The hood and trunk lid have also been strengthened steel lattice elements (also glued on fiberglass epoxy adhesive).
On the exterior body surfaces thoroughly plastered all Shcherbinka and sollipulli all the indent, and then they (as well as internal) surface was primed and painted.
Since drying was carried out in air. then painted the appropriate nitroenamels.
The body of the car had some unique features. For example, the hood was made as one piece with the front part of the wing. When lifting the hood opened access not only to the powertrain, but the main nodes of the front suspension. Lights, hidden pretty deep under the hood, in the daytime were covered with flaps to reduce, to everything, and drag
Decorative top rib gave a rear view of the hatchback (inclined back), although it is executed as the sedan (with a fairly cool installed glass and horizontal trunk lid).
Doors without exterior handles. For their opening in the pillar made only small holes for the fingers grip the side edge of the door.
After production of the machine in the summer of 1977 went with the other Amateur in the all-Union automakers mileage Moscow — Sevastopol. Road test the vehicle sustained, as well as the subsequent runs. It was not only the state of the machine rooms. And a major obstacle to their obtaining was volgovskoe engine. But I went without numbers. The inevitable meeting with the inspector due to the fact that the car’s design stood out in traffic, always took place on one scenario: a careful inspection and… positive feedback; then released to the world. Still, the majority of the employees of this “punishing” of the body – understand the technology and just friendly people. They also suggested how to legalize the car. On their advice we introduced the machine to the test in the US (Scientific research automobile and automotive engines Institute) — she passed them; were issued a positive conclusion, and on it in traffic police — the state registration signs.
Finally all the formalities with the car ended, he was registered at Stanislaus. Now we decided to start manufacturing the following machines for me.
The shape of the body decided to leave the same, especially that of the matrix body parts are preserved. Although since when was developed the design of the machine, it took seven years, her appearance did not become obsolete, and therefore to change anything, and even more fundamentally, it was not necessary. Increased only the distance between the outer struts in order to install wider glass for a better view through the Central rear view mirror.
Chassis, powertrain and drivetrain also decided to leave unchanged the industry is still nothing better offered, and cars we have only seen in magazines.
The fabrication process was repeated: although it has now been eliminated the design phase, the time he has taken no less — wanted to make a better car first, and because all body parts were treated especially carefully. Besides, now my brother have divided responsibilities: Stanislav engaged in material support, and I directly by the production design a lot of support (both moral and material) had a wife (she even had to work overtime). But because her name is included in machine name “YUNA”, composed from the first letters of our names: Yuri and Natalia Algebraists.
Front adjustable seat made anatomical by themselves too vykleili of fiberglass on epoxy glue. The rear seats are moulded as one panel with the rear wall (between the lounge and the trunk). Then all the seats put foam and covered with leatherette.
The instrument panel from other machines is not well suited to the interior of the cabin, and therefore its vykleili himself, placing on it the devices and handles the way I was comfortable.
A few years later (in the late spring of 1982) second car was ready and same as first, almost immediately went in the all-Union rally, which was its first test. “YUNA” was held successfully.
Despite the fact that the path of legalizing the car was already known, this procedure again it took about two years. And again me has helped in GAI people who know a lot about technique and managed to assess my work and my car.
In fact, her fate is pretty happy. She then participated in several caravans “SamAvto”, including international — Moscow — Prague — Moscow in 1988. About it he wrote to the foreign press, she starred in the movie “Test”, exhibitions of home-made cars have consistently received prizes and awards.
During the existence of the “UNA”, of course, improved. But this is largely related to the increase of comfort and security. Since the design of the vehicle of its type has been predicted for many years, alterations of the body, so the car looked more modern, a long time in the future, and was not required, and corrosion of the fiberglass was just too tough.
But as the years passed, the automotive and fashion began to change rapidly. And maybe began to change my tastes? Somewhere in the middle of 1990-ies started to notice that not all look of the car I still like; and began to think about what and how should be corrected. The most considerable alteration in the “exterior” of the car has undergone a nose portion and a device body kit: pretty bulky front and rear bumpers and door sills.
Took a pencil and paper (now) and by the contours of painting on “fresh” features. The difficulty was. the new lines to the front and rear of the car had linked to the old Central part of the body, a form which I change is not wanted. In the end got such lines, which are wanted, and started making doodles (master models) and matrices. It has wikler new items, of which there were many: front and rear bumpers, spoiler and apron, hood, front of fenders, side skirts, rear signal lights and fairings side mirrors.
For mounting the front bumper and spoiler in the new version I had to extend another two feet spars. The front part of the wings attached to the backs of the old connector, privernuli with screws and glued on fiberglass epoxy adhesive. Rear bumper and apron attached to the frame without any alterations.
Side rear view mirrors panoramic mounted in large fairings which are allowed to establish inside not only heated, but also the servo position adjustment of the mirrors.
Hood performed separately from the wings; to open he was now ahead, as usually the classic “Lada”. Because its shape is smoother and not “diving”, units twin headlights (separate high and low beam) made retractable. The servos are the same that used to raise the flaps.
Volgovskoe cast 14 inch old wheels were replaced with new 15-inch and diagonal tyres radial tubeless high flotation. Since the “departure” of the spokes of the new wheels is not so great, between them and the brake drums had to set the “pancakes” — dural remote drives. Although wheel track remained the same, thanks to wide-base tires has increased significantly the stability of the vehicle on turns.
After the upgrade the “exterior” started to update the cabin. Friends on one of the days of birth was given corporate seats — comfortable, adjustable, folding. They are, of course, and installed to replace the old. The rear seats still left are old; although they are small, but comfortable. But the dashboard was replaced again, homemade but updated with extended center console for radio.
The wheel is also made new, with a big red button beeps — the color of the car.
On the ceiling, between the heads of the driver and the passenger made two flat inalcik, dipping one edge degrees for 20 — 25: they are convenient to store documents and other papers that need to be always at hand. The trim panel of the door, too vykleili with pockets and handles, armrests.
Modernization lasted more than one year. But since everything was done in parts and stages, the car did not linger long in the garage and still went-was served.
More thorough modernization (or rather the complete replacement) was subjected to the power unit. Your resource vol-gowski 402 th engine by that time almost exhausted. And then on occasion, relatively inexpensive, was able to purchase six-cylinder inline and 2.8-litro-new engine capacity of 180 HP and gearbox from BMW 528-th model.
The new engine pretty well (although tight) was located in the old engine niche. Just redid the brackets the engine mounts on the spars.
The new engine greatly improved the dynamic performance of the machine: maximum speed exceeded 200 km/h and acceleration to 100 km/h was reduced to eight and a half seconds. For taming such “obstinate character” of the motor on the front wheels redid the drum brakes on the disc. Over time, the same replacement want to produce and on the rear wheels. For now, just reasonable use the car’s dynamic qualities.
As a result of alterations the machine was, in General, different. Even her body of pure sport was transformed in a more relaxed tourist. But I tried to keep it ser-bilinski designer style. And, I think, succeeded — the car remained recognizable.
At ideo:
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Yu ALGEBRAISTS
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