WITH A PROPELLER IN THE WATER…

WITH A PROPELLER IN THE WATER...The propeller, or, as at the dawn of aviation, the propeller is experiencing a rebirth. The reason is the emergence of daltelecom and motor paragliders with very advanced rotor settings. The pilots quickly learned that they can be used in ground form.

It should be noted that the power units deltalyo power, reliability and efficiency are ideal for creating aerovision, since the parameters of the motor with propeller is not worse than the traditional powertrain with the propeller. Moreover, the boat with aredigital not afraid of shallow water, reeds, sedges and algae. Besides the engine, the glider releases the exhaust is not in the water, like an outboard or stationary power unit for any boat (from the point of view of environmentalists, this method of muffling the exhaust note is not tenable!), and in the air.
So the airboat. The heart of his rotor setup is an outboard motor “Whirlwind” — a compact two-cylinder liquid-cooled engine capacity of about 25 HP and unfortunately, the frequency of rotation of the crankshaft it great for work paired with a propeller so the motor is equipped with trehochkovym V-belt gear with a ratio of 1.6. V — belts – “Zhigulevskoe”, “engine — pump — generator”.
Driving and driven pulleys machined from duralumin (D16T or AK4-1T) and after adjustment subjected to hard anodizing. A drive pulley attached to the flywheel rivets.
 
Cabin airboat engine
Cabin airboat engine “Whirlwind-30”:
 
1 — body glider (top); 2 — door; 3 — hood; 4 — installation of power; 5 — the screw of the air; 6 — keel-guard propeller; 7 — steering device; 8 — the body of the glider (bottom).
 

For installation on an engine driven pulley necessary on the front part install psicopatico of steel sheet with a thickness of 5 mm, and on it to mount the cantilever axis of the driven pulley. The pulley rotates on the axis on two ball bearings and one 204 — 205. Between the bearings are located remote of the dural sleeve. Pulley fixed on the axis of the retaining ring and screw and washer.
 
Plate-spacer is bolted to the engine crankcase and to the brackets, and the latter are mounted on the bridging sleeve that welling is the nuts on the studs securing the cylinder head. For belt tensioning mechanism is used, consisting of a plate welded to the spacer sleeve and bolt with nut.
 
As already mentioned, engine cooling liquid, is used outboard water supplied to the cooling jacket homemade pump based on the impeller from the pump “Kama”. To maintain optimal engine temperature (80— 85°C) uses a standard automotive thermostat.
 
Start the engine by means of a cord, which between the screw and the cook includes a pulley around which is wrapped the cord before starting.
 
Air screw aerolister — wood, monoblock, i.e. made from solid pine bar. However, to pick a stick without knots and ROE it is not easy, and in this case it makes sense to glue the blank epoxy from carefully otfugovannyh plates with a thickness of about 10 mm. In the selection of plates you need to make sure the layers of wood were placed symmetrically about the planes of gluing — it will save in the future the propeller from possible warping.
 
Manufacturer of air screw begins with the preparation of templates of plywood or, better yet, dural, which are manufactured according to carefully executed drawing-the Plaza at 1:1 scale. You will need the following templates: plan, side view (up to the symmetry axis) and the upper and lower profile screws.
 
To start harvesting fuguetta from all sides in accordance with the dimensions of the screw, after which it applied centerline and use the template — the outline of the side view. Then the excess wood is removed first astrosat secured a hatchet, and then a plane and a rasp.
Next, the billet is marked with the aid of a planning template, which can be fixed with a small nail in the center of the future screw with a pencil, after which the template is rotated 180° and is marked with the planned projection of the second blade. The excess wood is removed chorus or band saw with fine teeth.
 
The most critical part of the work — giving the airfoil blades. As can be seen from the drawing of the screw, one side flat and the other convex. In accordance with the position of the reference cross sections on the workpiece and mark the location of the templates, and semicircular semicircular a chisel and a rasp break “beacons” in accordance with the configuration of the upper and lower templates.
 
The main tool for handling rotor blades of a small axe from a good steel, sharpened literally to the sharpness of the razor. When you remove wood it is recommended to do a small notesy — this will prevent splitting of the workpiece. Followed by pre-treatment of the workpiece with a plane and rasp.
 
Followed by final finishing in the stocks. The latter is a carefully ottogo-the bathroom Board with a minimum thickness of 60 mm, which are made lateral cuts to a depth of 20 mm for installation in them of lower templates of the rotor blade profile. The Central core of the bench is machined from steel, or duralumin, its diameter should fit the hole in the propeller hub. The rod is glued in the center of the stacker Board perpendicular to its surface.
 
Further working surfaces of the lower patterns are rubbed with colored pencil or methylene blue, billet screw fits over the Central rod and pressed against the templates — first one blade and then another. In this case, the workpiece is imprinted the traces of the templates in those places where they come into contact with the lower surface of the propeller. “Dirty” places with the help of a planer, plow, rasp or a piece of wood glued to it with sandpaper, clean off, the workpiece is again placed in the stocks and treatment of the blades is repeated. When traces of colored pencil will be imprinted over the entire width of the blade, machining the bottom surface can be considered finished.
 
The upper part of the screw is processed in the stocks by using the top templates (also called contrabanda). First with a semi-circular rasp blade is fitted to contraband (as the professionals put kontrabandy), causing the template and contraban should be in contact at the plane of the connector, tightly covering with this very blade. Then treated areas are rubbed with a crayon and processed zone between the test sections. In this case, the coloring is necessary in order to eliminate double handling of the blade at the locations of the control sections. The correct treatment checks are made to ensure smooth steel ruler, apply to the one percent points of the neighboring sections. On a properly made blade clearance between the line and the surface should not be.
 
If in the process of work awkward movement of the tool led to chipping of the wood, this does not mean that the work is spoiled. Fix it with putty, mixed with epoxy glue and fine sawdust.
 
The finished screw is carefully balanced. This is best done, by inserting tightly in the Central hole of the metal roller and installing the propeller on the balancing line. If one of the blades will be easier, it is recommended to load lead for the first glued small strips of this metal, and when the propeller is balanced, the strips are melted and poured into a mold, for example, in a section of steel pipe. The resulting rod (or rods) vkladyvayasj in a hole drilled in the wrong place of the blade, where the pasted strips of lead. Hole on both sides of the blade should be lightly razzenkovku.
 
Finish propeller is pasting two layers of thin glass, followed by grinding, final balancing, primer and paint topcoats.
 
Housing aerolizer consists of two major parts — upper and lower. Assembly it is best to start from the bottom. To do this, in accordance with theoretical drawing of the hull and drawings of plywood with thickness of 12 mm are cut forming the frames and rails with cross-section 20×20, 30×20 and 30×30 mm — stringers and keels. The frame is assembled on a level floor. Previously on it are laid out diametrically plane and the location of the frames. The frames are fastened to the floor using wooden sticks and strips-braces. Adjustment of the longitudinal rails set in place, fastening the rails to the frames with epoxy glue with temporary fixation elements for locking wire. The curved rails for the front part of the frame obtained by pre-steaming them in boiling water and fixing the wire on the frame. After drying, strips the latter are fixed to the frames with epoxy glue.
 
After malkivka (alignment) frame specii filled with blocks of construction foam that are captured using the same epoxy resin. After treatment of the foam surface (if necessary, it podsalivaya the familiar composition of epoxy glue and sawdust) housing glued with two layers of fiberglass, puttied, sanded and painted with enamels. Inside the foam is cut flush with the frames and also glued with fiberglass.
 
Theoretical drawing of the lower part of the body.
The theoretical drawing of the lower shell.
 
The design of the frame lower part of the body.
The design of the frame the bottom of the hull.
 
Making the corps
The manufacture of the body:
 
A — frame Assembly; B— filling space foam blocks; – covering of the hull with fiberglass

 
The design of the frame upper part of the body.
The design of the frame upper part of the body.
 
Air screw
Propeller.
 
Section of the billet air screw (a — billet-monoblock; — glued blank).
Section of the billet air screw (a — billet-monoblock; — procurement glued).
 
Pre-processing of the propeller
Pre-treatment of the propeller:
 
A — marking of the workpiece with a template of the side view; B — the markup using the standard template; In — depth “beacons” to rough cutting of the blades; G — processing of the blades of a plane; D – processing a rasp and sandpaper

 
V-belt drive power unit of aeropittura
V-belt drive power unit of aerolister:
 
1 — bolt M10; 2 — washer; 3 — the screw of the air; 4,17 — bolts M8; 5 — lock washer; 6,7 — bearings 204; 8 — axis console; 9,10 — sleeve remote; 11 — 205 bearing; 12 — a remote washer; 13 — a lock ring; 14 — nut M8; 15—a bolt mechanism for the belt tensioning; 16 — a pulley driven; 18 — transitional bushing, 19 — bracket reducer (2 PCs); 20 — V-belt (4pcs); 21 —pulley leading; 22 — rivet d5 (steel, 10 PCs.); 23 — plate-spacer; 24 — engine “Whirlwind-30”.
 
The slipway for final processing of the propeller (0-6 — bottom templates control sections).
The slipway for final processing of the propeller (0-6 — bottom templates control sections).
 
Control of the correct processing of the propeller in the stocks with templates and contraband
Control of the correct processing of the propeller in the stocks with templates and contraband:
 
1 — Central rod; 2 – the screw of the air; 3,4 — contraban; 5 — Board stacker; 6 — lower templates.

 
Under engine frame (welded rectangular pipe section 30x24x2,5; ears, engine mounts and struts are welded in place).
Under engine frame (welded rectangular pipe section 30x24x2,5; ears, engine mounts and struts are welded in place).
 
Top manufacturer of aerolister differs little from the bottom. However, the frame is assembled not from plywood frames, and harvested curved slats and not on the floor and ready the bottom of the hull.
 
The frame on which the engine mount attaches the engine has an increased cross-section and reinforcement in the joints of the rails — plywood gusset plate. The frame itself is fastened to the crossmember of the square steel tube cross-section 40×40 mm and is fixed by struts of pipes with a diameter of 22 mm.
Shaping is also performed with the help of the foam with subsequent covering with fiberglass.
 
Glass door — Plexiglas 4 mm thick, and windshield glass from a rear door of the car “Moskvich-2141”. The door itself was part of the cabin.
 
Door aerolizer consist of a wooden frame and plywood sheathing. Inside and outside they are covered with fiberglass. Door hinges — home-made, overhead. In the ceiling of the cabin (or if you want logging) is removable manhole cover, manufactured from the cut part of the roof.
 
At the rear of aerolister installed two keel that organize air flow and also performing the function of the fence propeller.
 
The airboat is controlled through the steering wheel, the shaft of which is secured to steering drum associated with the cable runs traverse on ballerinas steering box. Management of the “gas” lever located under the left hand of the driver.
 
In the cabin are seats for passengers and driver. Seat frames and backs are glued together from wooden slats and sheathed 4 mm plywood. Cushion — foam and artificial leather.
I. KHOROSHEVSKAYA

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