CUT AND WELD THE WATER

CUT AND WELD THE WATER

Device for gas cutting and welding a variety of materials including refractory metals, no agriculture, I think, not hurt. The more compact and completely safe to handle. But where to get one? Yes, and too expensive for many to acquire it.But the proponents of mechanization — lovers to create everything with their hands such a device is certainly there. Perhaps even homemade, made according to the sketches and taking into account the recommendations that have been published in the pages of “Modeller-designer” (No. 7 of 1980 and No. 10 of 1985).
How to make an improved version of the compact, but powerful enough machine for gas cutting and welding, working on the principle of producing hydrogen and oxygen gas mixture by electrolysis of aqueous alkali, says another publication of the journal.
 
The first “Vodogray”, capable of cutting and welding even the refractory metals, I have since 1985. Has made it (and now have established small-scale manufacture similar products for sale) on materials of the journal “modelist-Konstruktor”. Now stand on the court readers of its latest development, which though improved (more working plates, modified side circuit Board and reliable fitting for outlet of the combustible gas mixture), but acting on the same principle the electrolyzer.
who first encounters with such a device, it is useful, I think, in the most General terms to explain (and remind others) what is the essence of this kind of structures. And it is quite simple.
 
Between the side boards connected by four pins, side Board and reliable connection for outlet of the combustible gas mixture), but acting on the same principle the electrolyzer.
 
Those who first encounters with such a device, it is useful, I think, in the most General terms to explain (and remind others) what is the essence of this kind of structures. And it is quite simple.
 
Fig.1. Apparatus for cutting and welding, working on the products of electrolysis of a weak alkaline solution
 
Fig.1. Apparatus for cutting and welding, working on the products of electrolysis of a weak alkaline solution:
a — block diagram b — ready pipe design; 1 — power supply DC voltage, 2 — cell, 3 — gate liquid, 4 — burner gas, 5 — ammeter 6 — handle switch on the phone 7 — stick shift mode (an abrupt change in output load capacity), 8 — control knob with a potentiometer, 9 — clip storage cord in a collapsed state, 10 — the case portable wooden, 11 — plug.
 
 
Fig.2. The electrolyzer (
 
Fig.2. The electrolyzer (“vosmidesyatitonnye” option):
1 —Board side (plywood, s12, 2 PCs.), 2 — cheek transparent (plexiglass, s4, 2), 3 — plate electrode (tin, s0,5; 81 PCs.), 4 — ring separation seal (5 mm rubber, acid – and selachophobia, 82 PCs.), 5 — bushing-insulator (cambri-Cova tube 6,2×1, L35, 12 PCs), 6 — stud MB (4x), 7 — nut, MB lock washer (8 PCs), 8 — tube output of the combustible gas mixture 9 — solution slightly alkaline (2/3 of the internal volume of the cell), 10 — pin output (refined copper, 2 PCs.), 11 — nipple (“stainless”), 12 — coupling nut M10 13 washer fitting (“stainless”), 14 cuff (rubber, acid – and selachophobia), 15 — filler fuel filler (“stainless”), 16 — coupling nut M18, 17 — spacer filler (“stainless”), an 18 — sealing washer (rubber, acid – and selachophobia), 19 — filler cap (the stainless steel), 20 — gasket sealing (rubber, acid – and selachophobia).
 
 
 
Fig.3. Kerosene shutter and the principle of its action (when running cell, b — at the time of device disconnection)
 
Fig.3. Kerosene shutter and the principle of its action (when running cell, b — at the time of device disconnection):
I — cylinder (2 PCs), 2 — tube (2x), 3 – pipe induction, 4 — outlet fitting 5 — kerosene 6 — adapter (steel pipe).
 
 
Fig.4. Circuit diagram of power supply unit
 
Fig.4. A circuit diagram of a power supply unit.
 
 
Fig.5. Option power supply using in the circuit of the thyristors and the self-made transformer
 
Fig.5. Option power supply using in the circuit of thyristors and a homemade transformer.

 

 
Between the side boards connected by four studs placed metal plate electrodes separated by rubber rings. Internal cellular cavity of the battery by 1/2…3/4 of the volume filled with a weak aqueous solution of alkali (Koh or NaOH). Attached to the plates a voltage from a DC source causes the decomposition (electrolysis) of the solution, accompanied by copious evolution of hydrogen and oxygen. This gas mixture, after passing through a special liquid shutter (Fig. 1A), goes next to the burner and burning, allows to obtain much needed for many technological processes (e.g. cutting and welding) high temperature, about 1800° C.
 
The performance of the cell depends on the concentration of alkali in the solution and other factors. And most importantly — the sizes and quantity of plate electrodes, the distance between them, which in turn is determined by the parameters of the power supply unit — power and voltage (based on 2…3 on the galvanic gap between the two adjacent to each other plates).
 
My proposed design of the DC power source is available for production in a “home Studio” and a novice homebrew. They are able to provide reliable operation even “vosmidesyatitonnye” (plates-electrodes of 81 PCs) of the cell, and even more — “Trinca-techniscope”. Option electrical schematic of which is shown in Fig. 4, POS makes it possible to easily carry out power adjustment for optimal matching with the load: at the first stage — 0…1.7 kW, the second (on SA1) is 1.7…3.4 kW.
And plates for the cell suggests — 150×150 mm. they are Made from roofing iron with a thickness of 0.5 mm. in Addition to the vapor 12-mm holes in each plate drilled another four installation (2.5 mm diameter), into which during Assembly pass through the knitting or Bicycle spokes. The latter is necessary for a better centering of the plates and strips, and therefore in the final stage of Assembly of the structure removed.
 
Actually had to break a head, before “in-pogorelka” has become a convenient and reliable as Edison lamp: included — work, off — work stopped. Particularly troublesome thing was the modernization of the electrolytic cell, and connects it to the output fluids. But it was necessary to refuse from become was the formulaic use of water as a barrier against flame propagation inside gas-forming battery (connecting pipe), and access the… use of kerosene as everything went smoothly.
 
Why kerosene? First, because unlike water, the liquid in the presence of alkali does not foam. Secondly, as shown, in case of accidental contact of drops of kerosene in the burner flame does not go out last — there is only a small flash. Thirdly: being comfortable “separator”, kerosene, while in the shutter, is safe in the fire relation.
 
At the end of work, during a break, etc the burner is, of course, is extinguished. In the cell a vacuum is created, and the kerosene flows from the right reservoir to the left (Fig. 3). Then barbatula air, after which the burner can be stored indefinitely at any moment it is ready to use. When enabled gas pressure on kerosene, which again flows into the right tank. Then begins barbatula gas…
 
Connecting tube in the machine — PVC. Only to the burner maintains a thin rubber hose. So after a power loss enough, this “rubber” is to bend with your hands and the flames, issuing finally lightweight cotton, will go out.
 
One more subtlety. Although the power unit (see Fig. 4) and is able to provide electricity to the 3.4-kilowatt load, the use of so much power in Amateur practice it happens very rarely. And not to “drive electronics” almost empty (in half-wave rectifying mode, when the output is 0…1.7 kW), it is useful to have another power source
 
of the cell is smaller and simpler (Fig. 5). In fact, this is a full-wave, known to many homebrew adjustable rectifier. And related to each other (mechanically) engines 470-Ohm potentiometers. Structurally, this connection can be done either with the help of simple gear trains with two gears textolite, or use a more complex device such as a Vernier (domestic radio).
 
The transformer in the power supply of homemade. As the applied magnetic set Ш16х32 of transformer steel. Coils contain: primary — 2000 turns of PEL-0,1; secondary — 2×220 turns of PEL of 0.3.
 
Practice shows that the considered self-made device for gas cutting and welding, even under the most stressful operation is able to properly serve for a very long time. However, every 10 years is required to conduct a thorough maintenance mainly because of the cell. Plate the last, working in a corrosive environment, is covered with iron oxide, which starts to act as a insulator. Have plates to wash out with subsequent Stripping a sanding disc. Moreover, to replace four of them (the negative pole), corroded acid residues, gathering close to “minus”.
 
It is therefore recommended to the electrolyzer pour only distilled water and alkaline solution to use the least contaminated by salts (no presence of traces of chemical compounds of sulfuric and hydrochloric acids).
 
The application of the so-called drain holes (except the filler and vent) also can hardly be considered justified, which was considered in the development apparatus. Equally optional is the input to the circuit of the apparatus of cans for the collection of accumulated super-aggressive alkali. Besides operation “bezbedno” design shows that this “harmful liquid” is able to gather 10-year period at the bottom of the oil stopper over the glass. The accumulated alkali is removed (e.g., maintenance), and the shutter pour another batch clean kerosene.
 
V. RADKOV, Republic of Tatarstan

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