DRILL A WELL…

Villages without running water now, a little, but his presence in every rural home is rare: still dominated by collective hydrant.

And of course I wanted to have water when not in the house, at least on the site, especially in the irrigation season. This is why many dream of the well. But dig it — hard. The most simple and affordable option for the villagers drilling a well.

 

However, the drilling of wells to a greater depth is considered to be an impossible task for one person. But its well in the 11 m I did one using a drill with a movable head. The use of the latter makes it much easier passage of normal soils. While lifting the nozzle almost all the torque applied to the blades of the drill. In a lowered position extended lower part increases the diameter of the borehole and makes it possible to pass a friable, clay and loose rock. The required depth was achieved by the addition of borax to the extension pipes using bolts M8.

 

The manufacturer of the drill should begin with the selection of the drill. Its shank is welded to the Central tube with a length of 1500 mm, outside diameter of 40 mm and a wall thickness of 6.5 mm. Then from the circular saw thickness of 2.5 mm and Ø 170 mm, cutting its diameter, to receive the blades of the drill. The teeth should be shortened by half. All working their edges sharpened at an angle of 30°. The blades are welded to the Central tube at an angle of 60°.

 

The nozzle can be made of scrap pipe with internal Ø 180 mm, wall thickness of 2 mm and a length of 250 mm. their lower part is wider by 5 mm and sharpened at an angle of 30°. From the outside of the pipe in the longitudinal direction of the welded plate of size 280X35X2 mm, made of canvas and two-handed saws. The protruding ends of the plate is sharpened, as they are lateral pruning knives, to facilitate the penetration.

Fig. 1. General view of the drill head:

1 — the slider (tube 48X3X300), 2 — the guide of the slide (area 25Х25Х2 mm length 100 mm), 3 — the guide of the Central tube (area 25X25X2 mm length 60 mm), 4 — a Central pipe (pipe 40Х6,5X1500), 5 — lock knob (steel plate section 30X6 mm, length 100 mm), 6 — guide Bush retainer, 7 — retainer spring, 8 — pin (wire Ø 7 mm, length 250 mm), 9 — snap ring (pipe 180X6X30), 10 — cross member (3 piece, cross section 30X6 mm, a length of the outer arc 151 mm), 11 — nozzle (tube 184X2X250), 12 — pruning knife (steel plate section 35X2 mm and a length of 280 mm), 13 — vane auger (2 PCs, made of circular saw-Ø 170 mm, thickness 2.5 mm), 14 — drill bit Ø 25 mm; a — site variation nozzles.

 

Fig. 2. Harpoon-compulabel:

1 — rod (pipe 40X6,5X300), 2 — plate (cutting the springs), 3 — wedge-shaped hooks.

 

Fig. 3. Canadabear:

1 — rod (pipe 40X6,5X750), 2 — transversal knife (cut the springs with a length of 120 mm), 3 — chisel.

 

Still need two identical steel rings with an outer Ø 180 mm; one will be resistant, the other is cut into three equal arcs cross. In one of them at a distance of 30 mm from the end of drilled hole Ø 10 mm: a lower hook end of the latch. The thrust ring is driven into nozzle to a depth of 30-40 mm. Then insert the cross bar and skipped the slide — tube internal Ø 42 mm and length 300 mm: it fits over the Central tube, the blades of which are introduced in the nozzle. (Slide box, welded corners (see Fig. 1, A.) it is centered by means of wooden wedges driven into the gaps between the crossbars and between the shell nozzles and blades of the drill. Then the crossmember is welded to the thrust ring, and slide the crossbars so that the distance from them to the upper end of the pipe, the slide was 220 mm. Now it is welded the guide of the slide — area size 25Х25Х2 mm and a length of 100 mm. Below in borehole drilling nozzle is rotated together with the auger, it is necessary to weld and to guide the Central tube.

 

The locking position of the nozzle is made of wire Ø 7 mm and a length of 250 mm and bent at an angle of 90° so that the horizontal end had a length of 50 mm. In the curve to the handle retainer is welded from strip steel 30X6 mm. cross-section For a retainer welded to the slide guide sleeve with hole Ø 10 mm., then by moving the slide along the Central tube, drilled holes in it under the lock in the lower, upper and middle positions of the nozzle.

 

Diametrically located holes Ø 9 mm in the upper part of the Central tube are used for connection to a drill extension tubes with internal Ø 42 mm. in Order to avoid backlash of the drill during operation, the pipe connection must enter each other no less than 150-200 mm.

Use the nozzle to prevent jamming of the breed and its partial precipitation back into the well; due to it requires less effort when lifting the drill. With the passage of loose and loose rocks, you should use a drill with bent head. The filling is judged by a markedly increased inhibitory forces. In this case, the rotation is stopped and, turning 2-3 times back and forth 5-10° of the Central pipe, drill up and pressing the handle latch release itself, the nozzle, and puts it in the top position. After that, the soil can be easily removed.

 

With the passage of the layers of clay and loam should alternate the use of the drill with the lower position of the nozzle with the middle or top. At the middle position of the nozzle drill allows you to traverse rocks containing gravel or small stones in size up to 70 mm. Stones from 70 to 150 mm are extracted from the hole with a harpoon-compulsivities, impaled on the drill instead of extension tubes.

 

Harpoon-compulabel going from three to four elastic spring plates from the car, shortened to 500 mm with thin rounded ends of the plates are welded wedge strike plates, and cut ends are folded to the side of the convex surface to an angle of 15° and are welded to the leg pipe external Ø 40 mm and length 300 mm.

 

Boulders split kamnedrobleniya — steel rod of length 500-750 mm, to the lower end of which is welded a chisel and cut the spring length of 120 mm. the Upper part of the rod with a length of 50 mm and having the shape of a cylinder, can join the extension pipes using bolts M8. After the boulder is broken, the fragments are extracted with a harpoon-campusuite.

 

The application of such tools allows to pass all types of rocks during drilling.

 

N. BELOV, D. Ilbery, Chuvash ASSR