Composed at the end of the Second world war on Stalin’s personal order long-term plan of development of the Navy (see “modelist-Konstruktor” No. 6 in 2002) were struck by its size. It is now clear that at that time in our country, which is emerging from a difficult period of its history, was hardly the strength to carry out such an ambitious plan in full. But, most importantly, the point of this expensive program was a bit, because the main rival in the struggle for world domination, the United States already had a huge fleet to catch up, which quantitatively is not possible. The most far-sighted political and military leaders of our country understood that it is necessary to find a principally new solution that would compete with America on the oceans.
“OVERTAKE, NOT CATCHING”
In the period from 1937 to 1945 in service with the British army consisted of only four types of infantry tanks. Changing models of military vehicles cruising type resembled a kaleidoscope. So, haven’t had time to finish military career cruising tank Krusader (“modelist-Konstruktor” No. 11 for 1999), in June 1941 began to develop a more powerful heavy cruiser tank. It was called Cromwell and the index of the A27. However, in the absence intended for his engines Rolls-Royce Meteor (they all went to the aircraft), it was decided to install the old Liberty engine as in previous models of cruiser tanks. The novelty was adopted under the name Cruiser Tank Mk VII Cavalier (A24).
The prototype of this far twin-engine night fighter bombers took to the air in may 1936. The first production aircraft was the Bf 110C equipped with 1100-horsepower engines Daimler-Benz DB 601A direct fuel injection. On the basis of this machine was produced as fighter-scouts-5 fighter-bombers With a-7 and a number of other modifications.
After the Second world war, the US army would be without promising medium tank. “Sherman” has exhausted almost all possibilities of modernization, and M26 “Pershing” was created as a heavy tank, although it was later redesignated as the medium, so, in fact, was not mainly due to low specific power.
Torpedo bomber TBD-1 Devastator. In 1927, for service with the us Navy received the first aircraft carrier of special construction — the Lexington CV-2 and Saratoga CV-3. Then, in 1934, they were joined by “Ranger” CV-4. Began a large-scale program of rearmament of the fleet. Until the end of 1941 it was planned to build and put into operation four more ships: the “Yorktown” CV-5, enterprise CV-6, “Wasp” CV-7 and hornet CV-8. Their weapons required new advanced combat aircraft, because each was planned to accommodate up to 90 vehicles: fighters, dive bombers and torpedo bombers.
The resolution of the State defense Committee 4043сс dated 4 September 1943, ordered the pilot plant No. 100 in Chelyabinsk in cooperation with the technical office of the Chief armored Directorate of the red Army until November 1, 1943 to design, manufacture and test ordamaged EC-152 on the basis of the is tank. Its immediate predecessor — the self-propelled gun SU-152 (KV-14), the basis for which was the KV-1s.
In November 2001, the authoritative international jury of fifty-five journalists from leading European automobile magazines named the PEUGEOT 307, the contestant from France, “European car of 2002”; second place was awarded to the new RENAULT LAGUNA II, and the honorary third FIAT STILO.
English bomber CANBERRA is considered one of the most famous warplanes of the world. The period of its serial production lasted from 1949 to 1963, and during this time the plants produced 1352 “canberr” of various modifications, the armament in 16 countries. The largest customers of these aircraft was the Indian air force, Peru, Venezuela and Argentina. The car had very good longevity and wherever she had to be armed, had a reputation of a reliable and tenacious. More than fifty years have passed since the beginning of its serial production, but today the “old” CANBERRA is in battle formation together with the newest machines of the XXI century.
In the history of American carrier-based aircraft has a prominent place scout bomber company Curtiss SBC HELLDIVER, which was the last carrier-based aircraft-a biplane at the naval aviation of the USA. United States Navy signed June 30, 1932, with the Curtiss firm a contract to develop a new two-seat carrier-based fighter-monoplane XF12C-1 with a two-engine R1510-92 625 power HP company Wright — all-metal, closed cockpit, retractable landing gear and high wing type “parasol”.
In 1950-e years the Navy has a new enemy — jet aircraft. High speed and powerful weapons of new generation aircraft need to increase the range of their interception. But the first attempt to implement destroyers anti-aircraft missile systems, medium range as we already know have failed (see “modelist-Konstruktor” No. 9 for 2002). A two-stage Terrier with difficulty placed on the rebuilt “Hayate”, demanded too much space. Of course, the Americans could abandon its use, focusing on lighter single-stage “Tartarus”, but the desire to cover their carriers are far anti-aircraft “umbrella” gave rise to another solution. Times little space, so it is necessary to build larger ships! So there is a new subclass of destroyers, received in the USA the designation “missile frigates”, or “missile, the leaders of the destroyers” (DLG — Destroyer Leader, Guided Missile).