Hardly anyone would dispute that the twentieth century was for the engineers of gold in the literal and figurative sense. Discoveries and inventions made in those years will be used more by many generations of earthlings, and some of them will be further developed.
Vertical takeoff aircraft Yak-36. In 1960, Yakovlev made a proposal to the government to develop the aircraft vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) Yak-104. The project involved the use of two lifting and propulsion uprated Р19-300 with a thrust of 1600 kgf with a rotary nozzle and one lifting Р19-300 traction 900 kg. It was expected that at flight weight of 2800 kg and the fuel capacity 600 kg VTOL aircraft can reach the speed of 550 km/h, climb to an altitude of 10 000 m and fly to a distance of 500 km.
In the first years after the Civil war, the Soviet civil aviation monopoly reigned all-metal aircraft of the German production. “Ukrvozduhput” preferred products of the company “Dornier” and “Dobrolet” and “Zakavia” purchased the aircraft from company “Junkers”. Single-F13 for a long time was the main “workhorse” on the Soviet civil lines, and military transport. Following this, albeit in significantly smaller quantities, began to acquire W33.
Recall. During the Second world war working on jet engines were in Germany on a broad front. They are ahead in this area all of the country and was able to convey in the production of two types of TRD – Ju-YuMO 004 and BMW 003. Equipped with their first jet aircraft – the Me 262, he 162 and ar 234 was the undoubted success of the German scientists and engineers. These aircraft are widely known, but the design idea was not on, and the command of the Luftwaffe in July 1944, announced a competition for the creation of the fighter that can replace the Me 262 and had the best flight and operational data.
Enlisting in the First world war, the warring countries have moved from a flat ground-water surface warfare in three-dimensional space: clumsy aircraft, recently entertained the public at fairs began to turn into a formidable fighting machine. While “under the gun” was supplied all flying equipment — including lighter-than-air: balloons became the eyes of the army and Navy, but better airships turned into bombers.
Guided missile “air — air” RS-1-U. In the late 1940-ies the main Soviet fighter-interceptor was an aircraft cannon. They can be used effectively to strike aircraft at distances not exceeding a few hundred meters. However, the rapid development of combat aircraft, the advent of nuclear weapons demanded that the fighters qualitatively new possibilities.
In December 1921 on the initiative of a group Krasnotsvetov (so called in those years, military pilots of the red Army) — the staff of the research version of the Air fleet was organized the first Soviet club “Soaring flight”. Among the most active of its members were B. I. Cheranovskii.
Initially, it should be noted that engineered as a carrier-based scout for use with class aircraft carriers Taiho C6N SAIUN ever from the deck did not fly. The first aircraft part, which has received a new machine, became the 121st kokutai formed on 1 October 1943. In service of this regiment were the scouts of the D4Y1-C, converted from a bomber D4Y1. Retraining for new equipment was conducted at a military air base Katori.
Still in the process of creating a long-range bomber Tu-16 in the brigade of General types of OKB A. N. The Tupolev appeared first outline of a passenger jet Tu-2AM-3-200. Working drawings began in 1952 — 1953, but only in June of 1954 issued a decree of the government on the development of the future Tu-104.
The beginning of a new period in the development of Italian fighter aircraft was the development of the company FIAT in 1936, the plane of the monoplane FIAT G. 50. The fact that Italy has long relied on fighter-biplanes, an ardent supporter of which was the chief designer of FIAT H. Rosatelli. The creation of the G. 50 monoplane associated with the advent of the firm young engineer G. Gabrielli, bringing with him many new ideas different from conservative supporters of fighters-biplanes.