Igor Sikorsky, an outstanding Russian aircraft designer and industrialist, was one of the pioneers of aviation in Russia. Characteristically, the first aircraft built by Sikorsky in the years 1908-1911 was the coaxial helicopters. Powerful enough engines don’t allow these helicopters to take off, but sympathy for these unusual cars he kept for life.
The development of L-29 was started in 1955, took the initiative by a group of engineers from the Research and test flight Institute of Czechoslovakia. First flight of L-29 made the April 5, 1959 L-29 Czechoslovak is the first serial jet car. In 1961, by decision of the Soviet government for political reasons he was selected as the main training aircraft of the countries-participants of the Warsaw Treaty Organization. This decision was not fair – L-29 was lost to the Yak-30 in all the parameters was heavier on 765 kg had a 30% lower thrust-to-weight, 33% less range and less speed.
(The end. Beginning in № 3’02)
The plane SB (ANT-40) — high-speed bomber, made of a metal cantilever monoplane with two engines M-100A located on the wing.
Dive bomber PE-2 was developed in OKB V. M. Petlyakov on the basis of previously established experimental twin-engined high-altitude fighter VI-100. The first production PE-2 was released in 1940, and in the first half of 1941, the aviation regiments transferred 458 cars.
Carrier-based scout CURTISS SB2C HELLDIVER. In early 1938, the Bureau of Aeronautics of the U.S. Navy has developed the conditions of tender for the construction of a new deck of ramedica-bomber engine Right XR-2600 Cyclone. The dimensions of this plane involved the simultaneous placement of two such devices on the platform size 14,6×12,2 m samoletostroenie carrier. This requirement was most difficult to meet. Binding was considered as mechanisms for folding wings on the deck and the landing gear in flight.
Strategic bomber Dassault MIRAGE IVA. To raise the country’s prestige after the defeat in Vietnam and the independence of the defense capability of the United States, France officially announced in 1954, about the beginning of the creation of nuclear weapons. Two years were spent on the development of relevant scientific and production infrastructure, and in April 1956 the Ministry of defence held a competition for the best project of the strategic bomber carrier of the future French atomic bomb. The military wanted to obtain a jet with a range of 2,000 km, supersonic speed and payload of 3,000 kg.
The design of the OKB Ilyushin a new frontline jet bomber with a maximum speed of 900 km/h and flight range of 2,000 km was carried out in initiative order. The aircraft, designated Il-28, was supposed to equip the British Nene engines-1 or their domestic analogues RD-45. Normal bomb load of a new machine had to be 1000 kg, maximum — 3000 kg.
A new generation of bombers-the monoplanes, which differs from the preceding higher performance characteristics, appeared in many countries in the period between 1932 and 1935. As a rule, they all had all-metal construction, smooth lining, retractable landing gear and closed cockpit. The flight speed of some exceeded 350 km/h, which combined with strong defensive armament made them almost invulnerable in combat with fighters of that time.
Dive bomber, the Hs-123. After the First world war power aviation enterprises in Germany decreased significantly. The restrictions imposed by the Versailles Treaty, in fact, deprived the country of military aviation. However, already in the twenties of Germany gradually started the construction of its air force — the future of the Luftwaffe.
Reconnaissance-torpedo bomber Blackburn Shark. In 1933 the air Ministry of great Britain has issued a document S. 15/33, which stipulates the requirements for a new scout-spotter-torpedo with a symbol T. S. R. (Torpedo-Spotter-Reconnaissance). According to these requirements, the aircraft had to operate from the decks of aircraft carriers, catapult ships and land-based airfields. This umieralnosci achieved by interchangeable wheel or float landing gear.
