The term jeep (jeep) appeared in the automotive world during the Second world war, when the American army began to arrive, light multipurpose vehicles developed by Willys — WILLYS MB, FORD GPW and FORD CP, which in military terminology is called “vehicle capacity quarter ton”. The sound of the letters “Dzhi-PI” quickly turned into the mouth of the drivers and mechanics in a concise and succinct term for jeep, which became the umbrella term utility AWD compact SUVs. After the war, so began to call their car firm Willys, which produced numerous variants have become so popular during the war years, a light jeep — like army and “civilian”. As a trademark, the term Jeep was registered with the firm on 30 June 1950.
HEIR ARMY JEEP
Appearance and many of the technical characteristics of the SUV, created basically to overcome the terrain, are already present today in the prestigious universal car that perfectly behave on the roads. The ancestor of these machines is quite rightly considered the released in 1994 it was an asphalt all-wheel drive TOYOTA RAV4, which is the abbreviation of RAV in the name comes from the Recreation Vehicle, which translates as “the car to stay”. The idea of pseudogap picked up dozens of road companies, so that the RAV4 appeared soon a lot of followers.
The history of automotive technology well know that the majority of technical solutions, successfully used in mass-produced cars first appeared on race cars. Apparently, the same process happens with the location of the power unit. So, until recently, the Central location of the power unit was considered a prerogative of racing supercars. Currently, however, the situation is changing: in the automotive market began to appear on cars, arranged by type of sports “monsters”.
This car rolled off the Assembly line of the Gorky automobile plant, sixty-six years ago — in March 1936, succeeding produced there the first mass Soviet passenger car GAZ-A. the Basis of the new car was the Ford V8, which replaced the suspension (instead of the transverse springs Gorky made a lateral). The motor “m” used from the previous model, and after upgrading he developed a power of 50 HP, driving the car to 105 km/h.
After the Second world war in accordance with the decisions of the Crimean and Potsdam conferences of 1945, the victim of crushing defeat of Nazi Germany in the victorious countries flowed Golden streams of reparations. They were precious metals and valuable industrial raw materials, patents and promising development, foreign assets and plant equipment. One of these streams, which originate in the realm of the German company Opel, passing through the half of Europe, joined to the territory of the Moscow plant of small cars (former car Assembly plant of a name of the Communist youth international), to lay the Foundation of mass production of the first Soviet car “Moskvich-400”.
The birth of the Volga automobile plant was preceded by the signing in 1966 of the agreement on technical cooperation between the Italian firm FIAT and Minavtoprom of the USSR. The first machine, which received the designation VAZ-2101, rolled off the Assembly line in 1970.
In automotive publications many legends about the origin of the name MERCEDES and the famous three-rayed star, crowning the radiators of the cars of this brand. However, most historians of technology agree that the three-rayed star symbolizes the Union of the three founders of Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft, the designers Gottlieb Daimler, Wilhelm Maybach and the businessman Emil Elinika. And the name MERCEDES was awarded in 1901 the first truly successful car company, appeared at the insistence of Lineka, whose daughter was named Mercedes.
In November 2001, the authoritative international jury of fifty-five journalists from leading European automobile magazines named the PEUGEOT 307, the contestant from France, “European car of 2002”; second place was awarded to the new RENAULT LAGUNA II, and the honorary third FIAT STILO.
About racing Deutsche Tourenwagen Veisterschaft in Russia only a few know. Maybe because they are the only three car brands: Opel, Audi and Mercedes-Benz. Interestingly, be admitted to the competition of the serial sports cars, which, however, can radically alter.
The history of FIAT, now numbering more than a hundred years goes back to minor at first glance, the events in 1898. It was then that the engineer Giovanni Battista Ceirano, who at that time produced bicycles with the support of the entrepreneurs and financiers of the city of Turin has launched the development of a new car with a view to its serial production at the newly created firm Ceirano. In March 1899 prototype of the new car WELLEYES designed by Aristide Faccioli, built. It was a crew with two-cylinder engine working volume of 663 cm3 and a two-speed transmission.