The cars of family UAZ-450 UAZ-452. General offensive on Moscow was deployed by the German command at the end of September 1941. As of October 10, the State Defense Committee adopted a decision on immediate evacuation in the heartland of the industrial enterprises of Moscow, which was the Automobile plant named after Stalin (ZIS), which at that time was headed by I. A. Likhachev. In a very short time, machines, materials and equipment Zisa was able to relocate to the East into the city of Miass, Shadrinsk, Chelyabinsk and Ulyanovsk. And in may 1942 the plant in Ulyanovsk, called Ulises, began the production of trucks ZIS-5V, and the second half of 1943, began to assemble an army of four-wheel drive trucks Studebaker from components supplied to the U.S.S.R. under lend-lease.
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Readers of the older generation, of course, well remember during the last war. Autumn impassability of roads, forty-one, broken tracks and wheels, smeshannye thousands of feet, frontage roads pitted with craters-graders. And the impotence of the machinery such enduring and seemingly unpretentious trucks and trentodoc, mounted, “on diver” every two hundred metres. In those years in off-road conditions clearly emerged (and later confirmed repeatedly) that designers of transport equipment, not forgetting about the usual machines adapted for movement on the road, you need to pay more attention to the all-terrain vehicles. The country needed a wheeled all-terrain vehicles, combining the speed of “normal” and indifference to road conditions tracked vehicles.
Came to the end of the Second world war, however, to stop the developing course of the military “machine” was not easy. The fighting was over, however, the industry is yesterday’s allies continued to produce military equipment and to create new types of weapons. One of the reasons for this were civil and national-liberation war in East and South-East Asia, generously sponsored by on the one hand the United States of America, and on the other by the Soviet Union. While testing a testing ground for the warring parties supply of military equipment were Korea and Vietnam.
With the beginning of car production appeared a clear division of these vehicles-freight and passenger. However, Americans are farmers or those engaged in small business – I needed a versatile machine, combining the qualities of the first and second. And they began to trim the cars body rear end and instead install a cargo platform. The initiative quickly picked up the industry by launching the serial production of vans modification called “pickup”. The main manufacturers of such machines in the US have the largest car company -Chevrolet and FORD.
The history of “picaporte” in our country, opened the car GAZ-4 with a lifting capacity 0,5 t, launched the series in 1933. The development of machine production did not require much cost: it was only during that time a serial domestic passenger car GAZ-A, equipped with standard twin cabin from the lorry GAS-AA with a metal loading platform with dimensions 1,6×1,1 m, with a folding wooden benches for six passengers.
Pickup GAZ-4 in the Soviet Union enjoyed a well – deserved popularity – it acquired trading bases, small businesses and cooperatives. In 1936, at the Gorky automobile plant is the GAZ-A, the basis of the pickup GAZ-4, launched a series of GAZ-M1. Factory designers and engineers quickly developed a relatively inexpensive technology of serial production of pickup on the basis of “emka”, the designation GAZ-415.
Snowmobile Ka-30. The first test of the snowmobile “North-2”, created in OKB famous designer of helicopters, N.And.Kamov, showed that they have two fatal defect is small capacity and lack of capacity. Not surprisingly -because this snowmobile was created on the basis of the body of a conventional car GAZ-M20 “Victory” and was a vehicle comparable in these parameters with this cars. Therefore, the design Bureau was instructed to develop still, and a 10-seater snowmobile Ka-30 cab high capacity, which according to its characteristics resembled popular in those years is also a 10-seater minibus RAF-977Д “Latvia”.
In recent years, publication in the journal “modelist-Konstruktor” of the Amateur autocostruzione Willy-nilly suggests that homebrew almost refused to create a full character, complexity and depth of cars in favor of predominantly simplified in design “midget” two stroke engines. We are glad to inform that this is not so. Proof of that is created by our reader V. Revoluta from Stavropol NRA beautiful design passenger car “Natasha”.
“Aerodynamic” Chrysler Airflow. Biography of Walter Chrysler of the typical American entrepreneur. Before creating his own company, he has worked as an assistant locomotive engineer, and Manager of the American locomotive company and the General Director and company President of Buick and Vice-President of General Motors, and President of the company Willys-Overland, and head of Maxwell-Chalmers. However, the first private car appeared Walter Chrysler only in 1920 when he was 45 years old. To get acquainted with his design, just before he tore apart and then reassembled it, and only after that decided to get behind the wheel.
Czechoslovakian Tatra-87. The speed of the first car was small, but it seemed like the drivers exciting. However, over time they got a taste of driving fast and have begun to demand from automotive companies all more than the speed of the machine. Designers have increased the capacity and power of engines, reduced friction loss, improved suspension, but soon realized that there is a physical limit to the growth rate of the car.